Constantinopolis

Constantinopolis
(Turcice İstanbul)

Situs
Situs in Turcia
Nomina Latina alia
Byzantium, Nova Roma
Res politicae
provincia	Constantinopolitana
magister civium	Kadir Topbaş (AKP)
Res geographicae
Area  - tota	1830.92 km²
Numerus incolarum  - omnium (2009)  - Spissitudo	12 782 960 6982 incolae/km²
Coordinata	41° 00′ 36″ Sept., 28° 57′ 37″ Ort.
Altitudo	40 m
Situs interretialis: [1]

Constantinopolis (Graece Κωνσταντινούπολις), vel Nova Roma (Νέα Ῥώμη) et Byzantium, hodie potius nomine Turcico İstanbul (ex locutione Graeca eis ten polin 'ad urbem'), est maxima urbs Turciae. Provincia metropolita Istanbul circa 13.26 milliones hominum mense Decembre 2010 habuit, 18 centesimas numeri civium Turciae et tertia frequentissima area metropolita in Europa sita (inter quam Asianum urbis latus), post Londinium et Moscuam. Constantinopolis est megalopolis et sedes culturae, oeconomiae, et argentarae. Ad Fretum Bosphorum iacet, ubi Cornu Aureum, portum naturalem in boreoccidentem civitatis situm, complectitur. In Bosphori lateribus Europaeo (Thracia) et Asiano (Anatolia) patet, et ergo est sola orbis terrarum metropolis quae in duobus continentibus iacet. Constantinopolis urbs mundi alpha designatur.

Per historiam longinquam, Constantinopolis fuit caput Imperii Romani (330–395), Imperii Romani Orientalis (Byzantini) (395–1204 et 1261–1453), Imperii Latini (1204–1261), et Imperii Ottomanici (1453–1922). Republica Turcica die 29 Octobris 1923 declarata, Ancyra, quae per Bellum Libertatis Turciae caput motus nationalis Turcici fuerat, novum civitatis Turcicae caput facta est. Urbs Europaeum Culturae Caput pro anno 2010 et Europaeum Artium Athleticarum Caput pro 2012 electus est. Urbs nunc Olympia Aestatis 2020 petit^?. Historicae urbis regiones inter UNESCO Situs Hereditatis Mundi anno 1985 perscriptae sunt. Urbs triginta novem districtus Provinciae Istanbul complectitur.

Historia

Forma Constantinopolis anno 1841 depicta

Regio Constantinopolitana anno fere 1940 depicta

Sita est urbs in extrema Europa (sive Thracia), nomine Constantinopolis abs Constantino sumpto. Initium tamen habuit humilius, in oppido quodam nomine Byzantio (Graece Βυζάντιον). Graeci a Megaris ibi habitabant circa annum 667 a.C.n., nomen urbis sumentes a nomine eorum regis "Byzas." A Persis gubernatum 479 a.C.n.–444 a.C.n., Byzantium postea in libertatem reverta est. A Romanis anno 196 capta, urbs a Septimio Severo instaurata est et prospere agebat. Magnum urbis momentum anno 330 factum est, cum imperator Constantinus eam caput Imperii Romani nomine suo restauraret. Civitas munere capitis Imperii Romani Orientalis plus quam mille annos est functa.

Cum munere civili ut caput imperii, Constantinopolis et munera ecclesiastica adsumpsit. Episcopus Byzantii factus est Patriarcha Constantinopolitanus, quippe a Concilio Constantinopolitano primo in locum secundum a loco episcopi Romani elevatus est. Varia Concilia Oecumenica locum tenuerunt vel in urbe vel prope urbem. Magnum urbis symbolum, ecclesia Hagiae Sophiae vel Sancta Sophia, est anno 536 ab imperatore Iustiniano I exstructa, et ab eodem rededicata anno 563.

Civitas cum Imperio Romano (quod Imperium Byzantinum ab hodiernis historicis appellatur) decrescebat, et anno 1453 a Turcis Ottomanicis capta et eorum metropolis facta est. Post casum Imperii Ottomanici, anno 1930, urbi nomen publicum datum est İstanbul, et adhuc urbs est maxima rei publicae Turciae.

Regiones urbanae

Si plus cognoscere vis, vide Index regionum urbanorum Constantinopolis

Constantinopoli sunt anno 2009 triginta novem regiones urbanae.

Incolae

Si plus cognoscere vis, vide Index incolarum notorum Constantinopolis

Constantinopoli habitaverunt sultani, imperatores Romani et Latini, patriarchae, eruditi, machinatores, mercatores fere innumeri.

Vide etiam

• Fenerbahçe
• Galatasaray
• Pera Palatium
• Porta Aurea

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Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Constantinopolim spectant.