Carbohydratum

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Lactosum est disaccharidum in lacte inventum, quod consistit in molecula D-galactosi et molecula D-glucosi ab a-1-4 nexu glycosidico conligatis.

Carbohydratum est compositum organicum formulam generalem Cm(H2O)n habens; hoc est, carbohydratum solum consistit in carbonio, hydrogenio, et oxygenio, duabus ultimis in ratione atomica 2:1. Carbohydrata ut hydrata carbonii suo nomine videri possunt. In naturae autem conformatione, accuratius appellantur aldehyda polyhydroxia et ketona.

Vocabulum carbohydrati frequentissime in biochemia adhibitur, ubi id est vocabulum idem significans ut saccharidum. Carbohydrata (saccharida) in quattuor greges chemicos dividuntur: monosaccharida, disaccharida, oligosaccharida, et polysaccharida. In universum, monosaccharida et disaccharida, quae sunt minora (inferiore pondere moleculari) carbohydrata, usitate saccharida appellantur.[1] Vocabulum saccharidi' ex Graeco σάκχαρον 'saccharum deducitur. Cum scientificum carbohydratorum vocabularium sit multiplex, nomina monosaccharidorum disaccharidorumque saepissime in suffixo -osum simpliciter finiuntur. Exempli gratia, saccharum sanguineum est monosaccharidum glucosum, saccharum mensae est disaccharidum sucrosum, et saccharum in lacte est disaccharidum lactosum.

Index

Chemia carbohydratorum [recensere]

Chemia carbohydratorum est magnus et oeconomice gravis chemiae organicae ramus. Inter praecipuas reactiones organicas quae carbohydrata tractant sunt:

Vide etiam [recensere]

Alimenta frumento facta sunt copiosi multiplicum simplicumque carbohydratorum fontes.

Notae [recensere]

  1. ↑ S. L. Flitsch et R. V. Ulijn. 2003, "Sugars tied to the spot." Nature 421:219–220].

Bibliographia [recensere]

  • Alton, G., M. Hasilik, R. Niehues, et al. 1998. Direct utilization of mannose for mammalian glycoprotein biosynthesis. Glycobiology 8: 285–295.
  • Berger, V., S. Perier, C. Pachiaudi, S. Normand, P. Louisot, et A. Martin. 1998. Dietary specific sugars for serum protein enzymatic glycosylation in man. Metabolism 47: 1499–1503.
  • British Society for Allergy and Environmental Medicine. 1996. Effective nutritional medicine. The application of nutrition to major health problems. Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine 6: 191–232.
  • Freeze, H. H. 1998. Disorders in protein glycosylation and potential therapy: Tip of an iceberg? The Journal of Pediatrics 133: 593–600.
  • Lehmann, Joshen. 1996, 2002. Kohlenhydrate: Chemie und Biologie. Ed. 2a. Stutgardiae et Novi Eboraci: Thieme. ISBN 3-13-532902-X.
  • Lehninger, A. L., D. L. Nelson, et M. M. Cox, eds. 1993. Structure and Catalysis. In Principles of Biochemistry, 252ff. Novi Eboraci: Worth Publishers.
  • Lindhorst, Thisbe K. 2000. Struktur und Funktion von Kohlenhydraten. Chemie in unserer Zeit 34(1): 38–52. ISSN 0009-2851.
  • Macdonald, I. 1994. Carbohydrates. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, ed. M. E. Shils, J. A. Olson, et M. Shike, 36–44. Malvern: Lea and Febiger.
  • Martin, A., C. Rambal, V. Berger, S. Perier, et P. Louisot. 1998. Availability of specific sugars for glycoconjugate biosynthesis. A need for further investigations in man. Biochimie 80: 75–86.
  • Ritter, Thomas K., et Chi-Huey Wong. 2001. Kohlenhydrate in der Antibiotikaforschung: ein neuer Ansatz zur Resistenzbekämpfung. Angewandte Chemie 113(19): 3616–3641. ISSN 0044-8249.
  • Zubay, G. L., W. W. Parson, et D. E. Vance. 1995. Principles of Biochemistry. Dubuque Iovae: William C. Brown.

Nexus externi [recensere]

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