Subcontinens Indica

Subcontinens Indica, vulgo etiam subcontinens tantum, est regio physiographica, quae, in Lamina Indica in Asia Meridiana sita, ex Himalaya in Oceanum Indicum ad meridiem versus proicitur, plerumque septem civitates comprehendens: Bangladesam, Bhutaniam, Indiam, Insulas Maldivas, Nepaliam, Pakistaniam, Srilancam.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] Nomina subcontinens Indica et Asia Meridiana aliquando ad regionem invicem adhibentur, sed hic saepe Afganiam^[5] et interdum Territorium Oceani Indici Britannicum quoque comprehendit. Praeterea, Geoschema Asianum Consociationis Nationum Iraniam in Asia Meridiana ponit.

Subcontinens Indica geologice cum terra cognata est quae, ex supercontinente Gondwana aevo Cretaceo seiuncta, cum Eurasia abhinc annorum paene 55 milliones coniuncta est.^[6] Subcontinens geographice est regio paeninsularis in Asia Meridiana et Media sita, a Himalaia in septentrionibus, Paropamiso in occidente, et Montibus Arakenensibus in oriente circumscripta.^[7] Inter regiones geographicas quae subcontinentem finiunt sunt Planities Tibetana ad septentriones, Paeninsula Indosinensis ad orientem, et Planities Persica (vel Maior Irania) ad occidentem.

Geologia[recensere | fontem recensere]

Seiunctio subcontinentis Indicae a Gondwana abhinc annorum 120 milliones (laeva), 80 milliones (media), aevoque Palaeocaeno (dextra)

Lamina Indica, propter tectonicam laminarum ex Madagascaria diffisa, cum Lamina Eurasiana abhinc annorum circiter 55 milliones conflicta est, ut Himalaya conformarentur.

Subcontinens Indica olim pars Gondwanae erat, supercontinentis aevis Neoproterozoico exeunte et Palaeozico ineunte genita.^[6] Gondwana autem aevo Mesozoico diffindi coepit, cum subcontinens Indica se ab Antarctica seiungeret abhinc annorum a 130 ad 120 milliones.^[8] et a Madagascaria aevo Cretaceo, abhinc annorum circiter 90 milliones.^[9] Subcontinens Indica tum ad septentriones ferri coepit, ut cum Lamina Eurasiana abhinc annorum paene 55 milliones collisa esset, Palaeocaeno paene finito.^[6] Terra ubi laminae Eurasiana et Indica inter se concurrunt geologice activa manet, ad magnos terraemotus prona.^[10]^[11]

Nexus interni

Notae[recensere | fontem recensere]

↑ "Indian subcontinent". New Oxford Dictionary of English (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-19-860441-6), p. 929: "the part of Asia south of the Himalayas which forms a peninsula extending into the Indian Ocean, between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Historically forming the whole territory of Greater India, the region is now divided into three countries named Bangladesh, India and Pakistan."
↑ Kumar 2012: 889.
↑ Pirbhai 2009: 14.
↑ Mann 2014: 13–15.
↑ John McLeod, The history of India (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, ISBN 0-313-31459-4), 1; sed McLeod Afghaniam ex subcontinente Indica et Asia Meridiana excludit. ¶ Jim Norwine et Alfonso González, The Third World: states of mind and being (Novi Eboraci: Taylor & Francis, 1988, ISBN 0-04-910121-8), 209: "The term 'South Asia' also signifies the Indian Subcontinent." ¶ Raj S. Bhopal, Ethnicity, race, and health in multicultural societies (Oxoniae: Oxford University Press, 2007, ISBN 0-19-856817-7), 33: "The term South Asian refers to populations originating from the Indian subcontinent, effectively India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka." ¶ Lucian W. Pye et Mary W. Pye, Asian Power and Politics (Camtabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press, 1985, ISBN 0-674-04979-9), 133: "The complex culture of the Indian subcontinent, or South Asia, presents a tradition comparable to Confucianism." ¶ Mark Juergensmeyer, The Oxford handbook of global religions (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press US, 2006, ISBN 0-19-513798-1), 465. ¶ Sugata Bose et Ayesha Jalal, Modern South Asia (Novi Eboraci: Routledge, 2004, ISBN 0-415-30787-2), 3.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Robert Wynn Jones (2011). Applications of Palaeontology: Techniques and Case Studies. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. pp. 267–271. ISBN 978-1-139-49920-0 .
↑ Baker at Chapman 2002: 10ff: "This greater India is well defined in terms of topography; it is the Indian sub-continent, hemmed in by the Himalayas on the north, the Hindu Khush in the west and the Arakanese in the east."
↑ Gaina et al. 2007.
↑ Torsvik et al. 2000.
↑ Bethany D. Rinard Hinga (2015). Ring of Fire: An Encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes. ABC-CLIO. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-61069-297-7 .
↑ Alexander E. Gates; David Ritchie (2006). Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Infobase. pp. 116–18. ISBN 978-0-8160-7270-5 .

Bibliographia[recensere | fontem recensere]

Ali, J. R, et J. C. Aitchison. 2005. "Greater India." Earth-Science Reviews 72 (3–4): 170–73. Bibcode:2005ESRv...72..169A. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.07.005. <1--FIX-->
Baker, Kathleen M., et Graham P. Chapman. 2002. The Changing Geography of Asia. Novi Eboraci: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-93384-6. Caput "Change in the South Asian Core."
Kumar, Dhavendra. 2012. Genomics and Health in the Developing World. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press ISBN 978-0-19-537475-9. Pagina 889.
Gaina, Carmen, R. Dietmar Müller, Belinda Brown, Takemi Ishihara, et Sergey Ivanov. 2007. "Breakup and early seafloor spreading between India and Antarctica." Geophysical Journal International 170 (1): 151–69. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03450.x. Bibcode=2007GeoJI.170..151G.
Mann, Michael. 2014. South Asia's Modern History: Thematic Perspectives. Novi Eboraci: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-62445-5. Caput "South Asia."
Pirbhai, Miriam. 2009. Mythologies of Migration, Vocabularies of Indenture: Novels of the South Asian Diaspora in Africa, the Caribbean, and Asia-Pacific. Toronti: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-9964-8. Pagina 14.
Torsvik, T. H., R. D. Tucker, L. D. Ashwal, L. M. Carter B. Jamtveit, K. T. Vidyadharan, et P. Venkataramana. 2000."Late Cretaceous India-Madagascar fit and timing of break-up related magmatism." Terra Nova 12, no. 5 (October): 220–24. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.2000.00300.x. Bibcode=2000TeNov..12..220T. ISSN 0954-4879. Textus apud wiley.com.

Nexus externi[recensere | fontem recensere]

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad subcontinentem Indicam spectant (Indian Subcontinent, Indian subcontinent).

Situs geographici et historici: Locus: 22°12′28″N 76°58′13″E • GeoNames • Treccani

[Oxford-1] "Indian subcontinent". New Oxford Dictionary of English (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-19-860441-6), p. 929: "the part of Asia south of the Himalayas which forms a peninsula extending into the Indian Ocean, between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Historically forming the whole territory of Greater India, the region is now divided into three countries named Bangladesh, India and Pakistan."

[2] Kumar 2012: 889.

[3] Pirbhai 2009: 14.

[4] Mann 2014: 13–15.

[mcleodplus-5] John McLeod, The history of India (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, ISBN 0-313-31459-4), 1; sed McLeod Afghaniam ex subcontinente Indica et Asia Meridiana excludit. ¶ Jim Norwine et Alfonso González, The Third World: states of mind and being (Novi Eboraci: Taylor & Francis, 1988, ISBN 0-04-910121-8), 209: "The term 'South Asia' also signifies the Indian Subcontinent." ¶ Raj S. Bhopal, Ethnicity, race, and health in multicultural societies (Oxoniae: Oxford University Press, 2007, ISBN 0-19-856817-7), 33: "The term South Asian refers to populations originating from the Indian subcontinent, effectively India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka." ¶ Lucian W. Pye et Mary W. Pye, Asian Power and Politics (Camtabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press, 1985, ISBN 0-674-04979-9), 133: "The complex culture of the Indian subcontinent, or South Asia, presents a tradition comparable to Confucianism." ¶ Mark Juergensmeyer, The Oxford handbook of global religions (Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press US, 2006, ISBN 0-19-513798-1), 465. ¶ Sugata Bose et Ayesha Jalal, Modern South Asia (Novi Eboraci: Routledge, 2004, ISBN 0-415-30787-2), 3.

[Jones2011p267-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Robert Wynn Jones (2011). Applications of Palaeontology: Techniques and Case Studies. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. pp. 267–271. ISBN 978-1-139-49920-0 .

[7] Baker at Chapman 2002: 10ff: "This greater India is well defined in terms of topography; it is the Indian sub-continent, hemmed in by the Himalayas on the north, the Hindu Khush in the west and the Arakanese in the east."

[8] Gaina et al. 2007.

[9] Torsvik et al. 2000.

[10] Bethany D. Rinard Hinga (2015). Ring of Fire: An Encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes. ABC-CLIO. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-61069-297-7 .

[11] Alexander E. Gates; David Ritchie (2006). Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Infobase. pp. 116–18. ISBN 978-0-8160-7270-5 .

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