Endopterygota

Endopterygota (Graece endon 'intra' + pterón 'ala' + Latina nova -ota 'habens'), etiam Holometabola appellata, sunt superordo insectorum intra infraclassim Neopterorum quae distinctas stationes larvales, pupales, adultasque subeunt. Totam metamorphosin patiuntur, et stationes larvales adultaeque structura et moribus inter se magnopere differunt, quod holometabolismus appellatur, totam corporis commutationem (metamorphismum) complectens.

Evolutio[recensere | fontem recensere]

Endopterygota, superordo insectorum maxime varius, plus quam 1 millionem specierum viventium inter undecim ordines digestarum comprehendit, quae insigniter sunt lepidoptera, diptera, siphonaptera, anthophila, formicae, coleoptera, atque alia insecta.^[1] Prima endopterygotorum fossilia ex carbonifero manent.^[2]

Endopterygota in tris greges aliquando digeruntur, qui sunt Neuropterida (Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Strepsiptera, Coleoptera), Hymenopteroida (Hymenoptera), et Panorpida (Siphonaptera, Diptera, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, Mecoptera).

Analysis molecularis phylogeniam endopterygotorum explicavit, ut in cladogrammate infra monstratur.^[3]^[4]

Endopterygota

Neuropterida

Raphidioptera

	Megaloptera

	Neuroptera

Coleopterida

	Coleoptera

	Strepsiptera

Hymenoptera

Panorpida

Amphiesmenoptera

	Trichoptera

	Lepidoptera

Antliophora

Diptera

Mecoptera

	Boreidae

	Siphonaptera

Descriptio[recensere | fontem recensere]

Endopterygota ab Exopterygotis distinguuntur per modum quo alae crescunt. Endopterygota alas intra corpus gignunt et magnam metamorphosin per stationem pupalem subeunt; exopterygota autem alas extra corpus gignunt, et stationem pupalem non subeunt, quae proprietas plesiomorphica appellatur. Etiam in odonatis (anisopteris et zygopteris) aliisque gregibus invenitur, qui non Neoptera, sed basalior inter insecta sunt.

Nexus interni

Notae[recensere | fontem recensere]

↑ Rolf G. Beutel; Hans Pohl (2006). "Endopterygote systematics – where do we stand and what is the goal (Hexapoda, Arthropoda)?". Systematic Entomology 31 (2): 202–19 .
↑ A. Nel; P. Roques; P. Nel; J. Prokop; J. S. Steyer (2007). "The earliest holometabolous insect from the Carboniferous: a "crucial" innovation with delayed success (Insecta Protomeropina Protomeropidae)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 43 (3): 349–55 .
↑ Yue, Bi-Song; Song, Nan; Lin, Aili; Zhao, Xincheng (2018). "Insight into higher-level phylogeny of Neuropterida: Evidence from secondary structures of mitochondrial rRNA genes and mitogenomic data". PLOS ONE 13 (1): e0191826 .
↑ Yan, Y.; Wang Y, Liu, X.; Winterton, S. L.; Yang, D. (2014). "The First Mitochondrial Genomes of Antlion (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) and Split-footed Lacewing (Neuroptera: Nymphidae), with Phylogenetic Implications of Myrmeleontiformia". Int J Biol Sci 10 (8): 895–908 .

Nexus externi[recensere | fontem recensere]

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Endopterygota spectant (Endopterygota, Holometabola).

Situs scientifici: • ITIS • NCBI • Encyclopedia of Life • Fossilworks

[Beutel-1] Rolf G. Beutel; Hans Pohl (2006). "Endopterygote systematics – where do we stand and what is the goal (Hexapoda, Arthropoda)?". Systematic Entomology 31 (2): 202–19 .

[2] A. Nel; P. Roques; P. Nel; J. Prokop; J. S. Steyer (2007). "The earliest holometabolous insect from the Carboniferous: a "crucial" innovation with delayed success (Insecta Protomeropina Protomeropidae)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 43 (3): 349–55 .

[YueSong2018-3] Yue, Bi-Song; Song, Nan; Lin, Aili; Zhao, Xincheng (2018). "Insight into higher-level phylogeny of Neuropterida: Evidence from secondary structures of mitochondrial rRNA genes and mitogenomic data". PLOS ONE 13 (1): e0191826 .

[Yan-4] Yan, Y.; Wang Y, Liu, X.; Winterton, S. L.; Yang, D. (2014). "The First Mitochondrial Genomes of Antlion (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) and Split-footed Lacewing (Neuroptera: Nymphidae), with Phylogenetic Implications of Myrmeleontiformia". Int J Biol Sci 10 (8): 895–908 .

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