Computatrum

Computatra et apparatus computandi ex variis aetatibus. ¶ Summus ordo: Automatica machina calculatoria (1820) (machina differentiarum) et computatrum aetatis primae (computatrum colossus) ¶ Ordo medius: primum tuborum inanium computatrum (ENIAC) et supercomputatrum (IBM Summit) ¶ Ordo imus: cartibulum visificum lusorium (Nintendo GameCube) et Smartphone (LYF Water 2).

Computatrum, sive (instrumentum) computatorium, sive ordinatrum, est machina digitalis et electronica quod programmari^? potest ut sequentias arithmeticas vel logicas (computationes) automatarie faciat. Computatra hodierna genericas operationum copias exsequi possunt, quae programmata appellantur, propter quae computatra varia pensa efficere possunt. Artificium computatrale (systema computatrale) est computatrum perfectum, cui sunt apparatus durus, systema internum (corpus programmatum), et peripherica, arma ad computatrum plene et recte operandum necessaria. Hoc vocabulum etiam ad copiam computatrum quae coniunguntur ut una operentur, sicut reticulum computatrale et fasciculus computatrorum.

Genus computatrorum quod quocumque facile portari potest computatrum gestabile nuncupatur.

Partes computatrorum

Despectus in computatrum stationis: 1, monitorium, tabulatrum seu quadrum visificum; 2, tabula materna; 3, processorium centrale (CPU); 4, portus ATA; 5, memoria volatilis (RAM); 6, tabula expansionis; 7, fons electricus; 8, discus compactus (DC); 9, discus fixus; 10, plectrologium (claviatura); 11, mus.

Quattuor computatro sunt armaturae partes: organum gubernans, arithmeticum, memoriale, graphicum.

Processorium medium (CPU) est intima computatri pars, quae omnes operationes gubernat. Coprocessorium arithmeticum quod et saepe media processorii pars est; paene omnes computationes arithmeticas efficit. Data in memoriae generibus RAM et ROM nominatis servantur. Ad data conservanda disci fixi et rigidi et flexibiles adhibebantur, sed paulo abhinc rudiculae memoriam cohibentes (Memoria USB) loco discorum flexibilium praeferuntur. Organum graphicum in tabulatrum quasi quadrum visificum scribit et plurimas computationes de datis graphicis facit.

Programmata computatralia

Programmata computatralia sunt documenta iussa computatralia cohibentia, quae medio processorio exhibita computatro agenda mandant. Programmatum fundamentalium coniunctum, quod systema administrativum appellatur, functiones et interactiones computatri administrat. Alia programmata fundamentalia sunt programmata compilandi, editionis, tabulae computativae, nuntia electronica scribendi, per interrete navigandi necnon ludorum computatralium.

Aetas computatrorum

Prima computatra electronica annis instruebantur ab 1930 ad 1940 ab Ioanne Atanasov, Americano Bulgaricae originis, sed re vera aetas computatrorum coepere anno 1977 dicitur, cum societates Apple, IBM, et Commodore prima computatra personalia introducerent. Et die 12 Augusti 1981, IBM primum computatrum personale pro mercato^? creavit. Deinde, cum investigatores institutionis Europeanae CERN telam totius terrae anno 1991 nuntiaerent, systema interretiale mundiale, quod paene omnia computatra mundi committit, ortum est. Hodie homines totius mundi computatris ad laborandum, scribendum, communicandum, computandumque utuntur. Die 10 Iunii 2007, 1 133 000 000 hominum interreti utebantur.

Domus effectrices computatrorum

• Acer
• Apple Inc.
• Asus
• Commodore (defunctus)
• Compaq
• Dell
• Hewlett-Packard
• Lenovo, quondam IBM

Domus effectrices programmatum computatralium

• Adobe Systems
• Apple
• Canonical
• Computer Sciences Corporation
• Electronic Data Systems
• Google
• HP
• Microsoft
• Nintendo
• Oracle
• SAP

Pinacotheca

• 

  Computatrum gestabile.

• 

  Supercomputatrum.

• 

  Microcomputatrum.

• 

  Pars computatralis technica.

• 

  Connection Machine.

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  Disci rigidi.

• 

  Computatrum mainframe.

• 

  Microcomputatrum.

• 

  Servitor Dell.

• 

  Computatrum PCB Raspberry Pi (crustum rubidaei) inscriptum.

Nexus interni

• Automaton communicativum
• Boto radiophoni
• Carta memorialis
• Cloud computing
• Computator
• Computatrum gestabile
• Computatrum tabulare
• Consola lusoria
• Consola lusoria gestabilis
• Electronica digitalis
• ENIAC
• Glossarium verborum computatralium
• Innovatio disruptiva
• Informationis technologia
• Interfacies utentis
• Interrete
• Lingua programmandi
• Machinatio Anticytherensis
• Malware
• OpenVMS
• Processorium centrale
• Programma computatrale
• Programmatura computratralis
• RAM
• ROM
• Simulatio computatralis
• Systema administrativum computatrale
• Texton
• Vicipaedia:Verba technologica

Bibliographia

• Berkeley, Edmund (1949). Giant Brains, or Machines That Think. Novi Eboraci: John Wiley & Sons .
• Bowden, B. V. (1953). Faster than thought. Novi Eboraci, Toronti, Londinii: Pitman publishing corporation .
• Cohen, Bernard (2000). "Howard Aiken, Portrait of a computer pioneer". Physics Today (Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: The MIT Press) 53 (3): 74–75. ISBN 978-0-262-53179-5 .
• Collier, Bruce (1970). The little engine that could've: The calculating machines of Charles Babbage. Garland Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8240-0043-1 .
• Couffignal, Louis (1933). Les machines à calculer; leurs principes, leur évolution. Lutetiae: Gauthier-Villars .
• Digital Equipment Corporation (1972). PDP-11/40 Processor Handbook. Maynard in Massachusetta: Digital Equipment Corporation .
• Evans, Claire L. (2018). Broad Band: The Untold Story of the Women Who Made the Internet. New York: Portfolio/Penguin. ISBN 9780735211759 
• Essinger, James (2004). Jacquard's Web, How a hand loom led to the birth of the information age. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280577-5 .
• Felt, Dorr E. (1916). Mechanical arithmetic, or The history of the counting machine. Sicagi: Washington Institute .
• Fuegi, J.; Francis, J. (2003). "Lovelace & Babbage and the creation of the 1843 'notes'". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 25 (4): 16 .* Hyman, Anthony (1985). Charles Babbage: Pioneer of the Computer. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02377-9 .
• Ifrah, Georges (2001). The Universal History of Computing: From the Abacus to the Quantum Computer. Novi Eboraci: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-39671-0 .
• Kempf, Karl (1961). Historical Monograph: Electronic Computers Within the Ordnance Corps. Aberdeen Proving Ground (United States Army) .
• Lavington, Simon (1998). A History of Manchester Computers (secunda ed.). Swindon: The British Computer Society. ISBN 978-0-902505-01-8 .
• Light, Jennifer S. (1999). "When Computers Were Women". Technology and Culture 40 (3): 455–483 .
• Ligonnière, Robert (1987). Préhistoire et Histoire des ordinateurs. Lutetiae: Robert Laffont. ISBN 978-2-221-05261-7 .
• Meuer, Hans; Strohmaier, Erich; Simon, Horst; Dongarra, Jack (13 Novembris 2006). "Architectures Share Over Time". TOP500 .
• Moseley, Maboth (1964). Irascible Genius, Charles Babbage, inventor. Londinii: Hutchinson .
• Phillips, Tony (2000). "The Antikythera Mechanism I". American Mathematical Society .
• Randell, Brian (1982). "From Analytical Engine to Electronic Digital Computer: The Contributions of Ludgate, Torres, and Bush" ,
• Schmandt-Besserat, Denise (1999). "Tokens: The Cognitive Significance". Documenta Praehistorica XXVI .
• Schmandt-Besserat, Denise (1981). "Decipherment of the earliest tablets". Science 211 (4479): 283–285 .
• Shannon, Claude Elwood. 1940. "A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits." Thesis. Cantabrigiae in Massachusetta: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Hdl 1721.1/11173.
• Smith, Erika E. (2013). "Recognizing a Collective Inheritance through the History of Women in Computing". CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 15 (1): 1–9 .
• Stokes, Jon (2007). Inside the Machine: An Illustrated Introduction to Microprocessors and Computer Architecture. Franciscopoli: No Starch Press. ISBN 978-1-59327-104-6 .
• Swade, Doron D. (Februarius 1993). "Redeeming Charles Babbage's Mechanical Computer". Scientific American 268 (2): 86–91 .
• Zuse, Konrad (1993). The Computer: My life. Berolini: Pringler-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-56453-1 .

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad computatra spectant.

Vide computatrum in Victionario.

• Vocabula computatralia (Anglice, Latine) (caute adhibenda ob multas mendas)
• Index Vocabulorum Computatoriorum (Anglice)
• Vocabula computatralia (Theodisce, Latine)
• Lexicon Vaticanum
• ad etymologiam

Technologia

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