Chrysolina
Classis : Insecta
Ordo : Coleoptera
Subordo : Polyphaga
Infraordo : Cucujiformia
Superfamilia : Chrysomeloidea
Familia : Chrysomelidae
Subfamilia : Chrysomelinae
Tribus : Chrysomelini
Subtribus : Chrysolinina
Genus : Chrysolina
Motschulsky, 1860
Ordo : Coleoptera
Subordo : Polyphaga
Infraordo : Cucujiformia
Superfamilia : Chrysomeloidea
Familia : Chrysomelidae
Subfamilia : Chrysomelinae
Tribus : Chrysomelini
Subtribus : Chrysolinina
Genus : Chrysolina
Motschulsky, 1860
Subdivisiones: Subgenera
Synonyma
*Allochrysolina Bechyně, 1950
- Allohypericia Bechyně, 1950
- Altailina Mikhailov, 2000
- Anapachys Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Anopachys Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Apterosoma Motschoulsky, 1861
- Arctolina Kontkanen, 1959
- Atechna Chevrolat, 1837
- Atlasiana Bourdonne & Doguet, 1991
- Bechynea Medvedev, 1966
- Bechynia Bourdonne, 1977
- Bourdonneana Kippenberg in Löbl & Danilevsky, 2010
- Camerounia Jolivet, 1949
- Caudatochrysa Bechyně, 1950
- Centoptera Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Chalcoidea Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Chersomela Weise, 1914
- Chesomela Weise, 1918
- Chrysocrosita Bechyně, 1950
- Chrysolinopsis Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysomorpha Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Cobosorina David, 1953
- Colaphodes Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Colaphoptera Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Colaphosoma Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Colophodes Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Craspeda Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Crositops Marseul, 1883
- Cyrtochrysolina Kippenberg in Kippenberg & Döberl, 1994
- Diachalcoidea Bechyné, 1955
- Dlochrysa Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Drochrysa Kimoto, 1964
- Erythrochrysa Bechyně, 1950
- Euchrysolina Bechyně, 1950
- Fastuolina Warchalowski, 1991
- Ghesquiereita Bechyně, 1950
- Ghesquièreita Bechyně, 1950
- Ghesquierita Bechyně, 1950
- Ghesquièrita Bechyně, 1950
- Gnathomela Jacobson, 1895
- Heliostola Motschulsky in Schrenk, 1860
- Hoplosoma Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Hypericia Bedel, 1898
- Hypochalcoidea Bourdonne, 2012
- Jacobsonia Medvedev, 1970
- Liomela Weise, 1912
- Lithoptera Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Lithopteroides Strand, 1935
- Litoptheroides Bechyne, 1950
- Maenadochrysa Bechyně, 1950
- Medvedevlevna Özdikmen, 2008
- Melasomoptera Bechyně, 1950
- Menthastriella Bechyně, 1950
- Mimophaedon Bourdonne, 1996
- Minckia Strand, 1935
- Naluhia Bechyné, 1948
- Omolina Weise in Sjöstedt, 1909
- Oreina Monros & Bechyne, 1956
- Ovomorpha Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Ovosoma Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Ovostoma Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Pachygnatha Weise, 1892
- Palaeosticta Bechyné, 1952
- Palaeostricta Seeno, 1976
- Paracrosita Daccordi, 1982
- Paradiachalcoida Daccordi, 1978
- Paradiachalcoidea Daccordi, 1978
- Paramenthastriella Daccordi, 1980
- Parkaniola Bechyně, 1950
- Pezocrosita Jacobson, 1901
- Pierryvettia Bechyně, 1950
- Pirryvittia Kimoto, 1964
- Pleurosticha Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Polysticha Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963
- Polysticta Hope, 1840
- Polystictella Bechyné, 1952
- Pseudocrosita Lopatin, 1999
- Pseudolithoptera Medvedev, 1970
- Pseudotaeniochrysea Daccordi, 1980
- Pseudotimarchomima Daccordi, 1980
- Rhyssoloma Wollaston, 1854
- Semenowia Weise, 1889
- Sibiriella Medvedev, 1999
- Sphaerochrysolina Kippenberg, 2010
- Sphaeromela Bedel, 1901
- Stichoptera Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Stichosoma Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Sulcicollis Sahlberg, 1913
- Synerga Weise, 1900
- Taeniochrysea Bechyně, 1950
- Taeniosticha Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Threnosoma Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Timarchida Ganglbauer, 1897
- Timarcholina Bechyně, 1950
- Timarchomela Achard, 1922
- Timarchomima Bechyně, 1950
- Timarchoptera Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
- Upseleatlasia Bourdonne, 2012
- Vittatochrysa Lopatin, 1977
- Zeugotaenia Motschoulsky in Schrenck, 1860
Species typica
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Chrysolina est genus coleopterorum subfamiliae Chrysomelinarum. Plurimae species in Europa, Asia, Africaque inveniuntur, et paucae species (speciebus Europaeis introductis non exceptis) Americam Septentrionalem ac species introductae Australiam habitant.[1] Nomen a Victore Motschulsky anno 1860 constitutum est.
Species Chrysolina cerealis et Chrysolina graminis in Britanniarum Regno legitime defenduntur. Omnes Chrysolinae species phytophagae sunt, quae certis plantis vescuntur. Nonnullae ad herbas inutiles biologice continendas adhibentur. Praesertim ad Hypericum perforatum continendum, Chrysolina hyperici in Australia prospere annis 1930 naturalizata est,[2][3] et aliquot species, praecipue Chrysolina quadrigemina, in Californiam annis 1940 exeuntibus introductae sunt.[3][4][5][6][7]
Ordinata specierum Europaearum classificatio[recensere | fontem recensere]
- Ordo Coleoptera
- Subordo Polyphaga
- Superfamilia Chrysomeloidea Latreille, 1802
- Familia Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802
- Subfamilia Chrysomelinae Latreille, 1802
- Tribus Chrysomelini
- Subtribus Chrysolinina
- Genus Chrysolina Motschulsky, 1860
- Subgenus Allochrysolina
- Chrysolina fuliginosa (Olivier, 1807)
- Chrysolina lepida (Olivier 1807)
- Subgenus Anopachys
- Chrysolina aurichalcea (Mannerheim, 1825)
- Chrysolina eurina (Frivaldszky, 1883)
- Chrysolina relucens (Rosenhauer, 1847)
- Chrysolina schatzmayri (Muller, 1916)
- Subgenus Arctolina
- Chrysolina septentrionalis (Menetries, 1851)
- Subgenus Bechynia
- Chrysolina milleri (Weise, 1884)
- Chrysolina philotesia Daccordi & Ruffo, 1980
- Chrysolina platypoda (Bechyné, 1950)
- Chrysolina substrangulata Bourdonne, 1986
- Subgenus Bittotaenia
- Chrysolina salviae (Germar, 1824)
- Subgenus Cecchiniola
- Chrysolina platyscelidina (Jacobson, 1898)
- Subgenus Centoptera
- Chrysolina bicolor (Fabricius, 1775)
- Subgenus Chalcoidea
- Chrysolina analis (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Chrysolina carnifex melanaria (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina carnifex (Fabricius, 1792)
- Chrysolina cinctipennis (Harold, 1874)
- Chrysolina curvilinea (Weise, 1884)
- Chrysolina hyrcana (Weise, 1884)
- Chrysolina interstincta (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina marginata (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Chrysolina taygetana Bechyné, 1952
- Subgenus Chrysolina
- Chrysolina bankii (Fabricius, 1775)
- Chrysolina costalis (Olivier, 1807)
- Chrysolina fortunata (Wollaston, 1864)
- Chrysolina obsoleta (Brulle, 1838)
- Chrysolina rufa (Duftschmid, 1825)
- Chrysolina staphylaea (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Chrysolina wollastoni Bechyné, 1957
- Subgenus Chrysomorpha
- Chrysolina cerealis (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Subgenus Colaphodes
- Subgenus Colaphoptera
- Chrysolina globosa (Panzer, 1805)
- Chrysolina pliginskii (Reitter, 1913)
- Chrysolina purpurascens (Germar, 1822)
- Subgenus Colaphosoma
- Chrysolina sturmi (Westhoff, 1882)
- Subgenus Craspeda
- Chrysolina jenisseiensis (Breit, 1920)
- Chrysolina limbata (Fabricius, 1775)
- Subgenus Cyrtochrysolina
- Chrysolina marcasitica (Germar, 1824)
- Subgenus Erythrochrysa
- Subgenus Euchrysolina
- Chrysolina graminis (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Chrysolina virgata (Motschulsky, 1860)
- Subgenus Fastuolina
- Chrysolina fastuosa (Scopoli, 1763)
- Subgenus Heliostola
- Chrysolina carpathica (Fuss, 1856)
- Chrysolina lichenis (Richter, 1820)
- Chrysolina schneideri (Weise, 1882)
- Subgenus Hypericia
- Chrysolina brunsvicensis (Gravenhorst, 1807)
- Chrysolina corcyria (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina cuprina (Duftschmid, 1825)
- Chrysolina didymata (Scriba, 1791)
- Chrysolina geminata (Paykull, 1799)
- Chrysolina hyperici (Forster, 1771)
- Chrysolina quadrigemina (Suffrian, 1851)
- Subgenus Maenadochrysa
- Chrysolina affinis (Fabricius, 1787)
- Chrysolina aveyronenesis Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysolina baetica (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina femoralis (Olivier, 1790)
- Subgenus Melasomoptera
- Chrysolina grossa (Fabricius, 1792)
- Chrysolina lucida (Olivier, 1807)
- Chrysolina lutea (Petagna, 1819)
- Subgenus Mimophaedon
- Chrysolina pourtoyi Bourdonne, 1996
- Subgenus Ovosoma
- Chrysolina atrovirens (Frivaldszky, 1876)
- Chrysolina cretica (Olivier, 1807)
- Chrysolina halysa Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysolina orientalis (Olivier, 1807)
- Chrysolina rhodia Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysolina sahlbergi (Menetries, 1832)
- Chrysolina susterai Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysolina turca (Fairmaire, 1865)
- Chrysolina vernalis (Brulle, 1832)
- Subgenus Ovostoma
- Chrysolina globipennis (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina olivieri (Bedel, 1892)
- Subgenus Palaeosticta
- Chrysolina diluta (Germar, 1824)
- Subgenus Rhyssoloma
- Chrysolina fragariae (Wollaston, 1854)
- Subgenus Sphaerochrysolina
- Chrysolina umbratilis (Weise, 1887)
- Subgenus Sphaeromela
- Chrysolina varians (Schaller, 1783)
- Subgenus Stichoptera
- Chrysolina colasi (Cobos, 1952)
- Chrysolina grancanariensis (Lindberg, 1953)
- Chrysolina gypsophilae (Kuster, 1845)
- Chrysolina latecincta (Demaison, 1896)
- Chrysolina kuesteri (Helliesen, 1912)
- Chrysolina lucidicollis (Kuster, 1845)
- Chrysolina mactata (Fairmaire, 1859)
- Chrysolina rossia (Illiger, 1802)
- Chrysolina sanguinolenta (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Chrysolina stachydis (Gene, 1839)
- Chrysolina variolosa (Petagna, 1819)
- Subgenus Sulcicollis
- Chrysolina chalcites (Germar, 1824)
- Chrysolina oricalcia (Muller O. F., 1776)
- Chrysolina peregrina (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1839)
- Chrysolina rufoaenea (Suffrian, 1851)
- Subgenus Synerga
- Chrysolina coerulans (Scriba, 1791)
- Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825)
- Chrysolina suffriani (Fairmaire, 1859)
- Chrysolina viridana (Kuster, 1844)
- Subgenus Taeniochrysea
- Subgenus Taeniosticha
- Chrysolina reitteri (Weise, 1884)
- Subgenus Threnosoma
- Chrysolina cribrosa (Ahrens, 1812)
- Chrysolina fimbrialis (Kuster, 1845)
- Chrysolina helopioides (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina inflata (Weise, 1916)
- Chrysolina joliveti Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysolina obenbergeri Bechyné, 1950
- Chrysolina obscurella (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina osellai (Daccordi & Ruffo, 1979)
- Chrysolina tagana (Suffrian, 1851)
- Chrysolina timarchoides (Brisout, 1882)
- Chrysolina weisei (Frivaldszky, 1883)
- Subgenus Timarchida
- Chrysolina deubeli (Ganglbauer, 1897)
- Subgenus Allochrysolina
- Subfamilia Chrysomelinae Latreille, 1802
- Familia Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802
- Superfamilia Chrysomeloidea Latreille, 1802
- Subordo Polyphaga
Notae[recensere | fontem recensere]
- ↑ BIEÑKOWSKI, ANDRZEJ O (2001). "A study on the genus Chrysolina MOTSCHULSKY, 1860, with a checklist of all the described subgenera, species, subspecies, and synonyms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)". Genus - International Journal of Invertebrate Taxonomy 12: 105–235.
- ↑ W. T. Parsons et E. G. Cuthbertson. Noxious Weeds of Australia, ed. secunda (Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing, 2001, ISBN 0-643-06514-8), 389.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wilfred William Robbins et Alden Springer Crafts, Weed Control: A Textbook and Manual (Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill, 1962), 137, 155, 162.
- ↑ C. B. Huffaker et C. E. Kennett, "A ten-year study of vegetation change associated with biological control of Klamath weed," Journal of Range Management 12 (1959): 69-82.
- ↑ Peter Jay Morin, Community Ecology (Oxoniae: Blackwell, 1999, ISBN 0-86542-350-4), 106–107.
- ↑ Gilbert Waldbauer, What Good Are Bugs? Insects in the Web of Life (Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-674-01027-2), 158.
- ↑ Richard E. White, A Field Guide to the Beetles of North America (Bostoniae: Houghton Mifflin, 1983, ISBN 0-395-91089-7), 296.
Bibliographia[recensere | fontem recensere]
- Hope, F. W. 1840. The coleopterist's manual, part the third, containing various families, genera, and species, of beetles, recorded by Linneus and Fabricius: Also, descriptions of newly discovered and unpublished insects. Londinii: J.C. Bridgewater and Bowdery & Kerby.
Nexus externi[recensere | fontem recensere]
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Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Chrysolinam spectant. |
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Vide "Chrysolinam" apud Vicispecies. |
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Situs scientifici: • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • WoRMS: Marine Species • Fossilworks |