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[[Fasciculus:Egypt.Giza.Sphinx.01.jpg|thumb|[[Sphinx]] et [[Necropolis Gizensis|pyramidae Gizenses]] sunt inter notissima signa [[civilizatio]]nis Aegypti antiquae.]]
[[Fasciculus:Egypt.Giza.Sphinx.01.jpg|thumb|[[Sphinx]] et [[Necropolis Gizensis|pyramidae Gizenses]] sunt inter notissima signa [[civilizatio]]nis Aegypti antiquae.]]
[[Fasciculus:Ancient Egypt map-la.svg|thumb|Tabula Aegypti antiquae maiores urbes et locos temporum domuum regalium (circa [[3150 a.C.n.|3150]] ad [[30 a.C.n.]])]]
[[Fasciculus:Ancient Egypt map-la.svg|thumb|Tabula Aegypti antiquae maiores urbes et locos temporum domuum regalium (circa [[3150 a.C.n.|3150]] ad [[30 a.C.n.]])]]
[[Fasciculus:Camel and the pyramids.jpg|thumb|[[Periegesis|Peregrinatores]] prae pyramides Gizenses [[camelus|camelum]] vehuntur.]]
[[Fasciculus:Camel and the pyramids.jpg|thumb|[[Periegesis|Peregrinatores]] pro [[pyramides Gizenses]] [[camelus|camelum]] vehuntur.]]
[[Fasciculus:Tourist at Sphinx, Giza plateau.jpg|thumb|In [[Oropedium Gizense|oropedio Gizensi]], peregrinator subsidit.]]
[[Fasciculus:Tourist at Sphinx, Giza plateau.jpg|thumb|In [[Oropedium Gizense|oropedio Gizensi]], peregrinator subsidit.]]
[[Fasciculus:The Pharaoh Tutankhamun destroying his enemies.jpg|thumb|Proelium inter regem [[Tutenchamun]] et homines quosdam [[Asia]]e, in [[ebur]]e pictum [[saeculum 14 a.C.n.|saeculo 14 a.C.n.]]]]
[[Fasciculus:The Pharaoh Tutankhamun destroying his enemies.jpg|thumb|Proelium inter regem [[Tutenchamun]] et homines quosdam [[Asia]]e, in [[ebur]]e pictum [[saeculum 14 a.C.n.|saeculo 14 a.C.n.]]]]


'''Aegyptus antiqua''' fuit [[civilizatio]] [[historia antiqua|antiqua]] [[Africa]]e inter septentriones et orientem, in [[unus|unum]] secundum ripas inferiores [[Nilus|fluminis Nili]] collatum, in terra quae nunc est [[Aegyptus]], [[civitas sui iuris|civitas]] hodierna. Civilizatio Aegyptia circa [[3150 a.C.n.]] secundum [[chronologia Aegyptia usu recepta|chronologiam Aegyptiam]] coaluit,<ref>[http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/chronology/index.html Chronology] apud ''Digital Egypt for Universities, University College London''</ref> [[Aegyptus superior|Aegypto superiore]] et [[Aegyptus inferior|inferiore]] sub primo [[pharao]]ne [[civilitas|civilitate]] coniunctis.<ref>Dodson (2004) p. 46.</ref> [[Historia Aegypti antiquae]] in serie [[regnum|regnorum]] constantium facta est, a temporibus inconstantiae ''interregna'' appellandis separatorum: in [[Regnum vetus Aegyptium|regno vetere]] [[Aetas aenea|Aetatis aeneae ineuntis]], [[Regnum medium Aegyptium|regno medio]] aetatis aeneae mediae, [[Regnum novum Aegyptium|regno novo]] aetatis aeneae exeuntis. Aegyptus fastigium potestatis per Regnum Novum attigit, tempore Ramessidarum, postquam lentam coepit deminutionem. Terra a continuatione potestatum externarum, inter quas [[Libya antiqua|Libya]], [[Nubia]], [[Assyria]], [[Babylonia]], [[Achaemenidae|Imperium Achaemenidarum]], et [[Macedonia antiqua|Macedonia]], [[Tertium interregnum Aegyptium|tertio interregno]] et [[Aevum recentius Aegyptium|aevo recentiori]] invasa vel superata est. [[Alexander Magnus|Alexandro Magno]] morte, [[Ptolemaeus Soter]], unus ex eius legatis, se ut novus Aegypti rector instituit; [[Ptolemaei|domus Ptolemaica]] deinde civitatem temperavit usque ad [[30 a.C.n.]], cum ab [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] victa, [[Aegyptus (provincia Romana)|provincia Romana]] facta est.<ref>Clayton (1994), p. 217.</ref> <!--PLUS IN EN:-->
'''Aegyptus antiqua''' fuit [[antiquitas|antiqua]] [[Africa]]e [[civilizatio]] inter [[septentrio]]nes et [[oriens|orientem]], in [[unus|unum]] secundum ripas inferiores [[Nilus|fluminis Nili]] collatum, in terra quae nunc est [[Aegyptus]], [[civitas sui iuris|civitas]] hodierna. Civilizatio Aegyptia circa [[3150 a.C.n.]] secundum [[chronologia Aegyptia usu recepta|chronologiam Aegyptiam]] coaluit,<ref>[http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/chronology/index.html Chronology] apud ''Digital Egypt for Universities, University College London.''</ref> [[Aegyptus superior|Aegypto superiore]] et [[Aegyptus inferior|inferiore]] sub primo [[pharao]]ne [[civilitas|civilitate]] coniunctis.<ref>Dodson 2004: 46.</ref> [[Historia Aegypti antiquae]] in serie [[regnum|regnorum]] constantium facta est, a temporibus inconstantiae interregna appellandis separatorum: in [[Regnum Vetus Aegypti|Regno Vetere]] [[aetas aenea|aetatis aeneae ineuntis]], [[Regnum Medium Aegypti|Regno Medio]] aetatis aeneae mediae, [[Regnum Novum Aegypti|Regno Novo]] aetatis aeneae exeuntis. Aegyptus culmen potestatis per Regnum Novum attigit, tempore Ramessidarum, postquam lentam coepit deminutionem. [[Terra]] a continuatione potestatum externarum, inter quas [[Libya antiqua|Libya]], [[Nubia]], [[Assyria]], [[Babylonia]], [[Achaemenidae|Imperium Achaemenidarum]], et [[Macedonia antiqua|Macedonia]], [[Tertium interregnum Aegyptium|tertio interregno]] et [[Aevum recentius Aegyptium|aevo recentiori]] invasa vel superata est. [[Alexander Magnus|Alexandro Magno]] morte, [[Ptolemaeus Soter]], unus ex eius legatis, se ut novus [[Regnum Ptolemaicum|Aegypti rector]] instituit; [[Ptolemaei|domus Ptolemaica]] deinde [[civitas|civitati]] temperavit usque ad [[30 a.C.n.]], cum ab [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] victa, [[Aegyptus (provincia Romana)|provincia Romana]] facta est.<ref>Clayton 1994: 217.</ref> <!--PLUS IN EN:-->


[[Religio Aegyptica|Multos deos]] venerabantur Aegyptii antiqui; [[rex]], quem humanam [[Horus|Hori dei]] [[incarnatio]]nem esse putabant, [[pharao]] appellatus est. Regnum anno [[31 a.C.n.]], vero iam [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] subiectum, post pugnam [[Actium|Actiacam]], interiit.
[[Religio Aegyptica|Multos deos]] venerabantur Aegyptii antiqui; [[rex]], quem humanam [[Horus|Hori dei]] [[incarnatio]]nem esse putabant, [[pharao]] appellatus est. Regnum anno [[31 a.C.n.]], vero iam [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] subiectum, post pugnam [[Actium|Actiacam]], interiit.


==Historia==
==Historia==
Historia Aegypti antiquae est plerumque ita divisa:
Historia Aegypti antiquae plerumque est ita divisa:
* [[Aevum praedynasticum Aegyptium|Aevum praedynasticum]] (ante coniunctionem Aegypti superioris Aegyptique inferioris 3150 a.C.n.)
* [[Aevum praedynasticum Aegyptium|Aevum praedynasticum]] (ante coniunctionem Aegypti superioris Aegyptique inferioris 3150 a.C.n.)
* [[Aevum protodynasticum]] (inter 3100 a.C.n. et 3000 a.C.n.)
* [[Aevum protodynasticum]] (inter 3100 a.C.n. et 3000 a.C.n.)
* [[Aevum primarum domorum Aegyptium|Aevum primarum domorum]] (prima secundaque domus)
* [[Aevum primarum domorum Aegyptium|Aevum primarum domorum]] (prima secundaque domus)
* [[Regnum vetus Aegyptium|Regnum vetus]] (inter tertiam sextamque domos)
* [[Regnum Vetus Aegypti|Regnum Vetus]] (inter tertiam sextamque domos)
* [[Primum interregnum Aegyptium|I interregnum]] (inter septimam undecimamque domos)
* [[Primum interregnum Aegyptium|I interregnum]] (inter septimam undecimamque domos)
* [[Regnum medium Aegyptium|Regnum medium]] (duodecima tertiaque decima domus)
* [[Regnum Medium Aegypti|Regnum Medium]] (duodecima tertiaque decima domus)
* [[Secundum interregnum Aegyptium|II interregnum]] (inter quartam decimam septimamque decimam domos)
* [[Secundum interregnum Aegyptium|II interregnum]] (inter quartam decimam septimamque decimam domos)
* [[Regnum novum Aegyptium|Regnum novum]] (inter duodevicensimam vicensimamque domos)
* [[Regnum Novum Aegypti|Regnum Novum]] (inter duodevicensimam vicensimamque domos)
* [[Tertium interregnum Aegyptium|III interregnum]] (inter primam et vicensimam quintamque et vicensimam domos)
* [[Tertium interregnum Aegyptium|III interregnum]] (inter primam et vicensimam quintamque et vicensimam domos)
* [[Aevum recentius Aegyptium|Aevum recentius]] (inter sextam et vicensimam primamque et tricensimam domos)
* [[Aevum recentius Aegyptium|Aevum recentius]] (inter sextam et vicensimam primamque et tricensimam domos)
* [[Regnum Ptolemaicum]] (Aegyptus Ptolemaica)
* [[Aegyptus Ptolemaica]]


==Notae==
==Notae==
<div class="references-small"><references/></div>
<references/>


==Bibliographia==
==Bibliographia==
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* {{Cite book | last=El-Daly | first=Okasha | title=Egyptology: The Missing Millennium | location=Londinii | publisher=UCL Press | year=[[2005]] | isbn=1-84472-062-4}}
* {{Cite book | last=El-Daly | first=Okasha | title=Egyptology: The Missing Millennium | location=Londinii | publisher=UCL Press | year=[[2005]] | isbn=1-84472-062-4}}
* {{Cite book |author=Filer, Joyce |title=Disease |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin, Texiae |year=[[1996]] |isbn=0-292-72498-5}}
* {{Cite book |author=Filer, Joyce |title=Disease |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin, Texiae |year=[[1996]] |isbn=0-292-72498-5}}
* {{Cite book | last=Gardiner | first=Sir Alan | title=[[Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs]] | publisher=Griffith Institute | location=Oxoniae | year=[[1957]] | isbn=0-900416-35-1}}
* {{Cite book | last=Gardiner | first=Sir Alan | title=Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs | publisher=Griffith Institute | location=Oxoniae | year=[[1957]] | isbn=0-900416-35-1}}
* {{Cite journal | last=Hayes | first= W. C. | title=Most Ancient Egypt: Chapter III. The Neolithic and Chalcolithic Communities of Northern Egypt | journal=[[Journal of Near Eastern Studies|JNES]] | edition=No. 4 | month=October | year=[[1964]] | pages=217–272 | volume= 23}}
* {{Cite journal | last=Hayes | first= W. C. | title=Most Ancient Egypt: Chapter III. The Neolithic and Chalcolithic Communities of Northern Egypt | journal=[[Journal of Near Eastern Studies|JNES]] | edition=No. 4 | month=October | year=[[1964]] | pages=217–272 | volume= 23}}
* {{Cite book | last=Imhausen | first=Annette | coauthors= [[Eleanor Robson]], [[Joseph Dauben|Joseph W. Dauben]], Kim Plofker, J. Lennart Berggren, Victor J. Katz | title=The Mathematics of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, and Islam: A Sourcebook | publisher=Princeton University Press | location=Princetoniae | year=[[2007]] | isbn=0-691-11485-4}}
* {{Cite book | last=Imhausen | first=Annette | coauthors= [[Eleanor Robson]], Joseph W. Dauben, Kim Plofker, J. Lennart Berggren, Victor J. Katz | title=The Mathematics of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, and Islam: A Sourcebook | publisher=Princeton University Press | location=Princetoniae | year=[[2007]] | isbn=0-691-11485-4}}
* {{Cite book|last=James|first=T.G.H.|title=The British Museum Concise Introduction to Ancient Egypt |publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor, Michiganiae|year=[[2005]] |isbn=0-472-03137-6}}
* {{Cite book|last=James|first=T. G. H.|title=The British Museum Concise Introduction to Ancient Egypt |publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor, Michiganiae|year=[[2005]] |isbn=0-472-03137-6}}
* {{Cite book|author=[[Barry Kemp (Egyptologist)|Kemp, Barry]]|title=Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization|publisher=Routledge|year=[[1991]]|location=Londinii|isbn=0-415-06346-9}}
* {{Cite book|author=[[Barry Kemp (Egyptologist)|Kemp, Barry]]|title=Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization|publisher=Routledge|year=[[1991]]|location=Londinii|isbn=0-415-06346-9}}
* {{Cite book |last= Lichtheim |first=Miriam|title=Ancient Egyptian Literature, vol 1|publisher=University of California Press|year=[[1975]]|location=Londinii |isbn=0-520-02899-6}}
* {{Cite book |last= Lichtheim |first=Miriam|title=Ancient Egyptian Literature, vol 1|publisher=University of California Press|year=[[1975]]|location=Londinii |isbn=0-520-02899-6}}
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* {{Cite book |author=Oakes, Lorna |title=Ancient Egypt: An Illustrated Reference to the Myths, Religions, Pyramids and Temples of the Land of the Pharaohs |publisher=Barnes & Noble |location=Novi Eboraci |year=[[2003]]|isbn=0-7607-4943-4}}
* {{Cite book |author=Oakes, Lorna |title=Ancient Egypt: An Illustrated Reference to the Myths, Religions, Pyramids and Temples of the Land of the Pharaohs |publisher=Barnes & Noble |location=Novi Eboraci |year=[[2003]]|isbn=0-7607-4943-4}}
* {{Cite book |last=Robins |first=Gay |title=The Art of Ancient Egypt |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=[[2000]] |location=Cantabrigiae Massachusettae|isbn=0-674-00376-4 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Robins |first=Gay |title=The Art of Ancient Egypt |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=[[2000]] |location=Cantabrigiae Massachusettae|isbn=0-674-00376-4 }}
* {{Cite book |author=[[Kim Ryholt|Ryholt, Kim]]|title=The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period |year=[[1997]] |month=January |location=Copenhagen, Denmark|publisher=Museum Tusculanum |isbn=87-7289-421-0}}
* {{Cite book |author=Ryholt, Kim|title=The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period |year=[[1997]] |month=January |location=Copenhagen, Denmark|publisher=Museum Tusculanum |isbn=87-7289-421-0}}
* {{Cite book |last=Scheel |first=Bernd |title=Egyptian Metalworking and Tools |publisher= Shire Publications Ltd |location=Haverfordwest, Great Britain |year=[[1989]]|isbn=0-7478-0001-4}}
* {{Cite book |last=Scheel |first=Bernd |title=Egyptian Metalworking and Tools |publisher= Shire Publications Ltd |location=Haverfordwest, Great Britain |year=[[1989]]|isbn=0-7478-0001-4}}
* {{Cite book|last=Shaw|first=Ian|title=The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2003]]|location=Oxoniae|isbn=0-500-05074-0 }}
* {{Cite book|last=Shaw|first=Ian|title=The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2003]]|location=Oxoniae|isbn=0-500-05074-0 }}
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* {{Cite book|author=Tyldesley, Joyce A. |title=Ramesses: Egypt's greatest pharaoh |publisher=Penguin|location=Harmondsworth Angliae|year=[[2001]]|pages= 76–77|isbn=0-14-028097-9}}
* {{Cite book|author=Tyldesley, Joyce A. |title=Ramesses: Egypt's greatest pharaoh |publisher=Penguin|location=Harmondsworth Angliae|year=[[2001]]|pages= 76–77|isbn=0-14-028097-9}}
* {{Cite journal | last=Vittman | first=G. | title=Zum koptischen Sprachgut im Ägyptisch-Arabisch | journal=Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes | location=Vindobonae | publisher=Institut für Orientalistik, Vienna University | year=[[1991]] | volume=81 | pages=197–227}}
* {{Cite journal | last=Vittman | first=G. | title=Zum koptischen Sprachgut im Ägyptisch-Arabisch | journal=Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes | location=Vindobonae | publisher=Institut für Orientalistik, Vienna University | year=[[1991]] | volume=81 | pages=197–227}}
* {{Cite book |author=Walbank, Frank William |authorlink = F. W. Walbank|title=The Cambridge ancient history |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cantabrigiae |year=[[1984]] |isbn=0-521-23445-X}}
* {{Cite book |author=Walbank, Frank William |title=The Cambridge ancient history |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cantabrigiae |year=[[1984]] |isbn=0-521-23445-X}}
* {{Cite book |author=Wasserman, James; Faulkner, Raymond Oliver; Goelet, Ogden; Von Dassow, Eva |title=The Egyptian Book of the dead, the Book of going forth by day: being the Papyrus of Ani |publisher=Chronicle Books |location= Franciscopole Californiae |year=[[1994]] |isbn=0-8118-0767-3}}
* {{Cite book |author=Wasserman, James; Faulkner, Raymond Oliver; Goelet, Ogden; Von Dassow, Eva |title=The Egyptian Book of the dead, the Book of going forth by day: being the Papyrus of Ani |publisher=Chronicle Books |location= Franciscopole Californiae |year=[[1994]] |isbn=0-8118-0767-3}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wilkinson|first=R. H.|year=[[2000]]|title=The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt|location=Londinii|publisher=Thames and Hudson|isbn=0-500-05100-3}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wilkinson|first=R. H.|year=[[2000]]|title=The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt|location=Londinii|publisher=Thames and Hudson|isbn=0-500-05100-3}}


==Bibliographia addita==
==Bibliographia addita==
* {{Cite book|author=[[Ioannes Baines|Baines, John]] and [[Jaromir Malek]]|title=The Cultural Atlas of Ancient Egypt|edition=revised|publisher=Facts on File|year=[[2000]]|isbn=0-8160-4036-2}}
* {{Cite book|author=Baines, John, et Jaromir Malek|title=The Cultural Atlas of Ancient Egypt|edition=revised|publisher=Facts on File|year=[[2000]]|isbn=0-8160-4036-2}}
* {{Cite book | last = Bard | first = KA | title = Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt | publisher = Routledge | location = Novi Eboraci| year = [[1999]]|isbn=0-415-18589-0}}
* {{Cite book | last = Bard | first = KA | title = Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt | publisher = Routledge | location = Novi Eboraci| year = [[1999]]|isbn=0-415-18589-0}}
* {{Cite book|first=Nicolas|last=Grimal|title=A History of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Blackwell Books|year=[[1992]]|isbn=0-631-19396-0}} {{Ling|Theodisce}}
* {{Cite book|first=Nicolas|last=Grimal|title=A History of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Blackwell Books|year=[[1992]]|isbn=0-631-19396-0}} {{Ling|Theodisce}}
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Helck|editor1-first=Wolfgang|editor1-link=Wolfgang Helck|editor2-last=Otto|editor2-first=Eberhard|title=Lexikon der Ägyptologie|publisher=O. Harrassowitz|year=[[1972]]–[[1992]]|isbn=3-447-01441-5}}
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Helck|editor1-first=Wolfgang|editor2-last=Otto|editor2-first=Eberhard|title=Lexikon der Ägyptologie|publisher=O. Harrassowitz|year=[[1972]]–[[1992]]|isbn=3-447-01441-5}}
* {{Cite book|author=[[Mark Lehner|Lehner, Mark]]|title=The Complete Pyramids|location=Londinii|publisher=Thames & Hudson|year=[[1997]]|isbn=0-500-05084-8}}
* {{Cite book|author=Lehner, Mark|title=The Complete Pyramids|location=Londinii|publisher=Thames & Hudson|year=[[1997]]|isbn=0-500-05084-8}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2001]]|isbn=0-19-510234-7}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2001]]|isbn=0-19-510234-7}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wilkinson|first=R.H.|title=The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt|location=Londinii|publisher=Thames and Hudson|year=[[2003]]|isbn=0-500-05120-8}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wilkinson|first=R. H.|title=The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt|location=Londinii|publisher=Thames and Hudson|year=[[2003]]|isbn=0-500-05120-8}}


{{NexInt}}
{{NexInt}}
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==Nexus externi==
==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Ancient Egypt|Aegyptum Antiquam}}
{{CommuniaCat|Ancient Egypt|Aegyptum antiquam}}
* [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ammianus/22.shtml#15 Ammianus Mercellinus (22,15-16) de Aegypto antiquo refert] apud www.thelatinlibrary.com
* [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ammianus/22.shtml#15 Ammianus Mercellinus (22,15-16) de Aegypto antiquo refert] apud www.thelatinlibrary.com
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/ BBC History: Egyptians]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/ BBC History: Egyptians]

Emendatio ex 01:59, 25 Februarii 2018

Sphinx et pyramidae Gizenses sunt inter notissima signa civilizationis Aegypti antiquae.
Tabula Aegypti antiquae maiores urbes et locos temporum domuum regalium (circa 3150 ad 30 a.C.n.)
Peregrinatores pro pyramides Gizenses camelum vehuntur.
In oropedio Gizensi, peregrinator subsidit.
Proelium inter regem Tutenchamun et homines quosdam Asiae, in ebure pictum saeculo 14 a.C.n.

Aegyptus antiqua fuit antiqua Africae civilizatio inter septentriones et orientem, in unum secundum ripas inferiores fluminis Nili collatum, in terra quae nunc est Aegyptus, civitas hodierna. Civilizatio Aegyptia circa 3150 a.C.n. secundum chronologiam Aegyptiam coaluit,[1] Aegypto superiore et inferiore sub primo pharaone civilitate coniunctis.[2] Historia Aegypti antiquae in serie regnorum constantium facta est, a temporibus inconstantiae interregna appellandis separatorum: in Regno Vetere aetatis aeneae ineuntis, Regno Medio aetatis aeneae mediae, Regno Novo aetatis aeneae exeuntis. Aegyptus culmen potestatis per Regnum Novum attigit, tempore Ramessidarum, postquam lentam coepit deminutionem. Terra a continuatione potestatum externarum, inter quas Libya, Nubia, Assyria, Babylonia, Imperium Achaemenidarum, et Macedonia, tertio interregno et aevo recentiori invasa vel superata est. Alexandro Magno morte, Ptolemaeus Soter, unus ex eius legatis, se ut novus Aegypti rector instituit; domus Ptolemaica deinde civitati temperavit usque ad 30 a.C.n., cum ab Imperio Romano victa, provincia Romana facta est.[3]

Multos deos venerabantur Aegyptii antiqui; rex, quem humanam Hori dei incarnationem esse putabant, pharao appellatus est. Regnum anno 31 a.C.n., vero iam Imperio Romano subiectum, post pugnam Actiacam, interiit.

Historia

Historia Aegypti antiquae plerumque est ita divisa:

Notae

  1. ↑ Chronology apud Digital Egypt for Universities, University College London.
  2. ↑ Dodson 2004: 46.
  3. ↑ Clayton 1994: 217.

Bibliographia

  • Aldred, Cyril (1988). Akhenaten, King of Egypt. Londinii: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05048-1 
  • Allen, James P. (2000). Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-77483-7 
  • Badawy, Alexander (1968). A History of Egyptian Architecture. Vol III. Berkeleiae Californiae: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-00057-9 
  • Billard, Jules B. (1978). Ancient Egypt: Discovering its Splendors. Washington D.C.: National Geographic Society 
  • Cerny, J (1975). Egypt from the Death of Ramesses III to the End of the Twenty-First Dynasty' in The Middle East and the Aegean Region c.1380–1000 BC. Cantabrigiae, BR: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-08691-4 
  • Clarke, Somers; R. Engelbach (1990). Ancient Egyptian Construction and Architecture. Novi Eboraci: Dover Publications, Unabridged Dover reprint of Ancient Egyptian Masonry: The Building Craft, primum ab Oxford University Press/Humphrey Milford, Londinii, editus (1930). ISBN 0-486-26485-8 
  • Clayton, Peter A. (1994). Chronicle of the Pharaohs. Londinii: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05074-0 
  • Cline, Eric H.; O'Connor, David Kevin (2001). Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 273. ISBN 0-472-08833-5 
  • Dodson, Aidan (1991). Egyptian Rock Cut Tombs. Buckinghamshire, BR: Shire Publications Ltd. ISBN 0-7478-0128-2 
  • Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Londinii: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05128-3 
  • El-Daly, Okasha (2005). Egyptology: The Missing Millennium. Londinii: UCL Press. ISBN 1-84472-062-4 
  • Filer, Joyce (1996). Disease. Austin, Texiae: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-72498-5 
  • Gardiner, Sir Alan (1957). Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs. Oxoniae: Griffith Institute. ISBN 0-900416-35-1 
  • Hayes, W. C. (October 1964). "Most Ancient Egypt: Chapter III. The Neolithic and Chalcolithic Communities of Northern Egypt". JNES 23: 217–272 
  • Imhausen, Annette; Eleanor Robson, Joseph W. Dauben, Kim Plofker, J. Lennart Berggren, Victor J. Katz (2007). The Mathematics of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, and Islam: A Sourcebook. Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-11485-4 
  • James, T. G. H. (2005). The British Museum Concise Introduction to Ancient Egypt. Ann Arbor, Michiganiae: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-03137-6 
  • Kemp, Barry (1991). Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization. Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06346-9 
  • Lichtheim, Miriam (1975). Ancient Egyptian Literature, vol 1. Londinii: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-02899-6 
  • Lichtheim, Miriam (1980). Ancient Egyptian Literature, A Book of Readings. Vol III: The Late Period. Berkeleiae Californiae: University of California Press 
  • Loprieno, Antonio (1995a). Ancient Egyptian: A linguistic introduction. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-44849-2 
  • Loprieno, Antonio (1995b). "Ancient Egyptian and other Afroasiatic Languages". In Sasson, J. M.. Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. 4. Novi Eboraci: Charles Scribner. pp. 2137–2150. ISBN 1-56563-607-4 
  • Loprieno, Antonio (2004). "Ancient Egyptian and Coptic". In Woodward, Roger D.. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. pp. 160–192. ISBN 0-521-56256-2 
  • Lucas, Alfred (1962). Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries, ed. 4a. Londinii: Edward Arnold Publishers. ISBN 1-85417-046-5 
  • Mallory-Greenough, Leanne M. (2002). "The Geographical, Spatial, and Temporal Distribution of Predynastic and First Dynasty Basalt Vessels". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (Londinii: Egypt Exploration Society) 88: 67–93 
  • Manuelian, Peter Der (1998). Egypt: The World of the Pharaohs. Bonner Straße, Cologne Germany: Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. ISBN 3-89508-913-3 
  • McDowell, A. G. (1999). Village life in ancient Egypt: laundry lists and love songs. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-814998-0 
  • Meskell, Lynn (2004). Object Worlds in Ancient Egypt: Material Biographies Past and Present (Materializing Culture). Oxoniae: Berg Publishers. ISBN 1-85973-867-2 
  • Midant-Reynes, Béatrix (2000). The Prehistory of Egypt: From the First Egyptians to the First Pharaohs. Oxoniae: Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 0-631-21787-8 
  • Nicholson, Paul T. (2000). Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-45257-0 
  • Oakes, Lorna (2003). Ancient Egypt: An Illustrated Reference to the Myths, Religions, Pyramids and Temples of the Land of the Pharaohs. Novi Eboraci: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-7607-4943-4 
  • Robins, Gay (2000). The Art of Ancient Egypt. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-00376-4 
  • Ryholt, Kim (January 1997). The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period. Copenhagen, Denmark: Museum Tusculanum. ISBN 87-7289-421-0 
  • Scheel, Bernd (1989). Egyptian Metalworking and Tools. Haverfordwest, Great Britain: Shire Publications Ltd. ISBN 0-7478-0001-4 
  • Shaw, Ian (2003). The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-500-05074-0 
  • Siliotti, Alberto (1998). The Discovery of Ancient Egypt. Edison, Novae Caesareae: Book Sales, Inc. ISBN 0-7858-1360-8 
  • Strouhal, Eugen (1989). Life in Ancient Egypt. Norman, Oklahomae: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2475-X 
  • Tyldesley, Joyce A. (2001). Ramesses: Egypt's greatest pharaoh. Harmondsworth Angliae: Penguin. pp. 76–77. ISBN 0-14-028097-9 
  • Vittman, G. (1991). "Zum koptischen Sprachgut im Ägyptisch-Arabisch". Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes (Vindobonae: Institut für Orientalistik, Vienna University) 81: 197–227 
  • Walbank, Frank William (1984). The Cambridge ancient history. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23445-X 
  • Wasserman, James; Faulkner, Raymond Oliver; Goelet, Ogden; Von Dassow, Eva (1994). The Egyptian Book of the dead, the Book of going forth by day: being the Papyrus of Ani. Franciscopole Californiae: Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-8118-0767-3 
  • Wilkinson, R. H. (2000). The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt. Londinii: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05100-3 

Bibliographia addita

  • Baines, John, et Jaromir Malek (2000). The Cultural Atlas of Ancient Egypt (revised ed.). Facts on File. ISBN 0-8160-4036-2 
  • Bard, KA (1999). Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. Novi Eboraci: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-18589-0 
  • Grimal, Nicolas (1992). A History of Ancient Egypt. Blackwell Books. ISBN 0-631-19396-0  (Theodisce)
  • Helck, Wolfgang; Otto, Eberhard, eds. (1972–1992). Lexikon der Ägyptologie. O. Harrassowitz. ISBN 3-447-01441-5 
  • Lehner, Mark (1997). The Complete Pyramids. Londinii: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05084-8 
  • Redford, Donald B., ed. (2001). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510234-7 
  • Wilkinson, R. H. (2003). The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Londinii: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05120-8 

Nexus interni

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Aegyptum antiquam spectant.



Receptum de "https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aegyptus_antiqua&oldid=3338395"