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Imago monstrat genu humanum cum nonnullis bursis synovialibus vicinis.

Bursa (-ae, fem.) synovialis in anatomia indicat bursulam, cuius membrana interna, membrana synovialis nominata, secernit liquorem synovialem, olio similem. Bursae synoviales inveniuntur in corporis partibus mobilibus i. e. praecipue iuxta articulos. Numerosae sunt bursae ad genua, umeros et cubita. Si corporis partes pressionibus vel tractionibus externis exponuntur, bursae synoviales minuunt internos pressiones, praecipue vigores frictionum, qui inter cutem, musculos, tendines, et ossa a pressionibus vel tractionibus externis evocantur.^[1]

Theophrastus Paracelsus invenit verbum "synovia", cuius adiectivum est "synovialis".

Membrana synovialis

Conferatur pagina principalis Membrana synovialis.

Membrana synovialis est tela - sensu strictu - superficei membranae internae ("intima"), quae liquorem synovialem secernit. Illa ex cellulis macrophagocyto (cellula typi A) similibus ac fibroblastis (cellulis typi B) constituta est^[2]. Quadrans cellularum sunt macrophagocytoorum, dodrans fibroblastorum, posterioribus enim cellularum functio secretionis acidi hyaluronici^[3] ad articulationem lubricandam praestant. Macrophagocyti invicem leucocyti pars systematis immunitatis sunt. Nimirum morbis articuli causa vero relatio inter cellulas typi A et B graviter mutet cum incremento numeri macrophagocytorum. Praeterea fibroblasti transformationem patiantur, ut cellulis inflammatoriis cognoscantur, quo fiat, ut inflammatio chronica oriatur.

Subiacens tela "subintima" dicitur, cum vasa sanguiniea tenuia et lymphacea.

Morbi bursarum

Generatim morbus bursae bursopathia, inflammatio bursitis dicitur. In chirurgia removere bursae inflammatione sive infectione causa bursectomia nominatur.

Nexus externus

Die Anatomischen Namen: Ihre Ableitung und Aussprache von Hermann Triepel,Hermann Stieve ("Nomina anatomica et eorum deductio et pronunciatus, Hermannus Triepel et Hermannus Stieve auctoribus") (Germanice, Latine)

Notae

↑ *Schiebler, T. H. et Schmidt, W. (editores) (1983). Lehrbuch der gesamten Anatomie des Menschen (editio 3.):Berolini, Heidelbergae, Novi Eboraci, Tokii: Springer-Verlag
↑ Barland P, Novikoff AB, Hamerman D (1962). "Electron microscopy of the human synovial membrane". J Cell Biol 14: 207-20
↑ Mustonen AM, Nieminen P, Joukainen A, Jaroma A, Kääriäinen T, Kröger H, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Siljander PR, Kärjä V, Härkönen K, Koistinen A, Rilla K (2016). "First in vivo detection and characterization of hyaluronan-coated extracellular vesicles in human synovial fluid". J Orthop Res 34 (11): 1960-8

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[1] *Schiebler, T. H. et Schmidt, W. (editores) (1983). Lehrbuch der gesamten Anatomie des Menschen (editio 3.):Berolini, Heidelbergae, Novi Eboraci, Tokii: Springer-Verlag

[2] Barland P, Novikoff AB, Hamerman D (1962). "Electron microscopy of the human synovial membrane". J Cell Biol 14: 207-20

[3] Mustonen AM, Nieminen P, Joukainen A, Jaroma A, Kääriäinen T, Kröger H, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Siljander PR, Kärjä V, Härkönen K, Koistinen A, Rilla K (2016). "First in vivo detection and characterization of hyaluronan-coated extracellular vesicles in human synovial fluid". J Orthop Res 34 (11): 1960-8

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 [[Fasciculus:Gray299.png|thumb|Superficies membranae internae (rubre) vocatur membrana synovialis.]]
 {{main|Membrana synovialis}}
-Membrana synovialis est [[tela (biologia)|tela]] - sensu strictu - superficei membranae internae ("''intima''"), quae [[Liquor synovialis|liquorem synovialem]] secernit. Illa ex cellulis [[macrophagus|macrophago]] (cellula typi A) similibus ac [[fibroblastus|fibroblastis]] (cellulis typi B) constituta est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Barland P, Novikoff AB, Hamerman D |title=Electron microscopy of the human synovial membrane |journal=J Cell Biol |year=1962 |volume=14 |pages=207-20 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13865038}}</ref>. Quadrans cellularum sunt macrophagorum, dodrans fibroblastorum, posterioribus enim cellularum functio secretionis [[acidum hyaluronicum|acidi hyaluronici]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Mustonen AM, Nieminen P, Joukainen A, Jaroma A, Kääriäinen T, Kröger H, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Siljander PR, Kärjä V, Härkönen K, Koistinen A, Rilla K |title=First in vivo detection and characterization of hyaluronan-coated extracellular vesicles in human synovial fluid |journal=J Orthop Res |year=2016 |volume=34 |issue=11 |pages=1960-8 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26919117}}</ref> ad [[articulus|articulationem]] lubricandam praestant. Macrophagi invicem [[leucocytus|leucocyti]] pars [[systema immunitatis|systematis immunitatis]] sunt. Nimirum morbis articuli causa vero relatio inter cellulas typi A et B graviter mutet cum incremento numeri macrophagorum. Praeterea fibroblasti transformationem patiantur, ut cellulis inflammatoriis cognoscantur, quo fiat, ut inflammatio chronica oriatur.
+Membrana synovialis est [[tela (biologia)|tela]] - sensu strictu - superficei membranae internae ("''intima''"), quae [[Liquor synovialis|liquorem synovialem]] secernit. Illa ex cellulis [[macrophagocytus|macrophagocyto]] (cellula typi A) similibus ac [[fibroblastus|fibroblastis]] (cellulis typi B) constituta est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Barland P, Novikoff AB, Hamerman D |title=Electron microscopy of the human synovial membrane |journal=J Cell Biol |year=1962 |volume=14 |pages=207-20 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13865038}}</ref>. Quadrans cellularum sunt macrophagocytoorum, dodrans fibroblastorum, posterioribus enim cellularum functio secretionis [[acidum hyaluronicum|acidi hyaluronici]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Mustonen AM, Nieminen P, Joukainen A, Jaroma A, Kääriäinen T, Kröger H, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Siljander PR, Kärjä V, Härkönen K, Koistinen A, Rilla K |title=First in vivo detection and characterization of hyaluronan-coated extracellular vesicles in human synovial fluid |journal=J Orthop Res |year=2016 |volume=34 |issue=11 |pages=1960-8 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26919117}}</ref> ad [[articulus|articulationem]] lubricandam praestant. Macrophagocyti invicem [[leucocytus|leucocyti]] pars [[systema immunitatis|systematis immunitatis]] sunt. Nimirum morbis articuli causa vero relatio inter cellulas typi A et B graviter mutet cum incremento numeri macrophagocytorum. Praeterea fibroblasti transformationem patiantur, ut cellulis inflammatoriis cognoscantur, quo fiat, ut inflammatio chronica oriatur.
 Subiacens tela "''subintima''" dicitur, cum [[Vas sanguineum|vasa sanguiniea]] tenuia et [[systema lymphaceum|lymphacea]].