Cena Alexandri Maracandis data

Alexander Clitum nigrum necans: imago saeculo XIX exeunte ab Andrea Castaigne exarata

Cena ab Alexandro Magno Maracandis data est anno 328 a.C.n. exeunte vel 327 ineunte. Alexander enim, Bactrianam provinciam Achaemenidarum sub imperio suo reducens, Maracandis hibernabat. Hac in cena post disputationem ferocem Clitum qui niger nuncupabatur ebrium Alexander ebrius telo interfecit.

Iustinus, Historiarum Philippicarum Pompei Trogi abbreviator, rem his verbis narrat:

[Alexander] sollemni die amicos in convivium convocat, ubi orta inter ebrios rerum a Philippo gestarum mentione praeferre se patri ipse rerumque suarum magnitudinem extollere caelo tenus coepit, adsentante maiore convivarum parte. Itaque cum unus e senibus, Clitos, fiducia amicitiae regiae, cuius palmam tenebat, memoriam Philippi tueretur laudaretque eius res gestas, adeo regem offendit, ut telo a satellite rapto eundem in convivio trucidaverit. Qua caede exultans mortuo patrocinium Philippi laudemque paternae militiae obiectabat.

Constat Clitum veteranos Macedones potius quam regem ob virtutem laudandos esse proclamavisse. Sunt qui eum verba Euripidis recitavisse aiunt, sive inter potationes sive convivis iam recedentibus, "Οἴμοι, καθ' Ἑλλάδ' ὡς κακῶς νομίζεται ...", e fabula Andromedae dempta, "quo significabatur male instituisse Graecos, quod tropaeis regum dumtaxat nomina inscriberent: alieno enim sanguine [scil. militum] partam gloriam intercipi."

Bibliographia

Fontes antiqui

• Curtius, Historiae 8.1.20-8.2.12; textus
• Plutarchus, Vita Alexandri 50.1-52.2
• Arrianus, Anabasis Alexandri 4.8.1-4.9.4
• Iustinus, Epitoma Pompei Trogi 12.6.1-16; textus

Eruditio

• A. Aymard, "Sur quelques vers d'Euripide" in Παγκάρπεια. Mélanges Grégoire (Bruxellis, 1949) vol. 1 pp. 43-74, vide pp. 44-47
• A. Barzanò, "Curzio Rufo, storico di Alessandro, e i Flavi" in Marta Sordi, ed., Alessandro Magno tra storia e mito (Mediolani: Edizioni Universitarie Jaca, 1984) pp. 169-178, vide pp. 176-178
• Eugene N. Borza, "The symposium at Alexander’s court" in Αρχαία Μακεδονία = Ancient Macedonia III (Thessalonicae, 1983) pp. 45-55
• A. B. Bosworth, A historical commentary on Arrian’s History of Alexander. Vol. 2 (Oxonii: Clarendon Press, 1995) pp. 51-68
• Truesdell S. Brown, "Callisthenes and Alexander" in American journal of philology vol. 70 (1949) pp. 225-248, vide pp. 236-240
• Elizabeth D. Carney, "The death of Cleitus" in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies vol. 22 (1981) pp. 149–160; reimpressum cum additamentis in E. D. Carney, King and court in ancient Macedonia (Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2015) pp. 141-154
• Elizabeth D. Carney, "Artifice and Alexander History" in A. B. Bosworth, E. J. Baynham, edd., Alexander the Great in fact and fiction (Oxonii: Oxford University Press, 2000) pp. 263-285, vide pp. 278-285
• Pilar Gómez, Francesca Mestre, "The banquets of Alexander" in José Ribeiro Ferreira et al., edd., Symposion and Philanthropia in Plutarch (Coimbra, 2009) pp. 211-221
• J. R. Hamilton, Plutarch: Alexander. A commentary (Oxonii: Clarendon Press, 1969) pp. 139-146
• Waldemar Heckel, "Notes on Q. Curtius Rufus' History of Alexander" in Acta Classica vol. 37 (1994) pp. 67-78
• François Ripoll, "Les intentions de Quinte Curce dans le récit du meurtre de Clitus (VIII, 1, 19-52)" in Bulletin de l'Association Guillaume Budé (2009 no. 1) pp. 120-142
• W. W. Tarn, "The Hellenistic Ruler-Cult and the Daemon" in Journal of Hellenic Studies vol. 48 (1928) pp. 206-219 JSTOR
• W. W. Tarn in Cambridge Ancient History vol. 6 (1927) pp. 398-400 Textus
• Lawrence Tritle, "Alexander the Great and the Killing of Cleitus the Black" in W. Heckel, L. A. Tritle, edd., Crossroads of History: The Age of Alexander (Claremont: Regina Books, 2003) pp. 127-146