Fontem paginae Caba inspicere

[[Fasciculus:Mosquée Masjid el Haram à la Mecque.jpg|thumb|300px|Caaba et pars [[mescita]]e quae eam circumdat.]]
[[Fasciculus:Kaaba-plan.svg|thumb|Technica Caabae adumbratio dimensiones et elementa monstrat.]]

'''Caba'''<ref>Ioannes Willmet, Lexicon linguae Arabicae in Coranum, Haririum et vitam Timuri, Rotterodami et Londinii, anno 1784 {{Google Books|WdJiixoMtuIC|pag. 174 et 482}}; The Theological Works of Isaac Barrows, D.D., Cantabrigiae, anno 1859 {{Google Books|kl0PAAAAIAAJ|pag. 409}}; Acta Sanctorum Octobris, tom. X, Bruxellis, anno 1861 {{Google Books|wJFySpfHzroC|pag. 667}}.</ref> vel '''Caaba''' vel '''Ca'ba''' vel '''Kaaba''' ([[Arabice]] الكعبة ''al-Kaʿbah,'' IPA |ælˈkæʕbɐ| 'Cubus'), est [[aedificium]] [[cubus|cuboidum]] in media [[mescita]] [[Al-Masjid al-Haram|al-Haram]], sanctissima [[religio Islamica|religionis Islamicae]] [[mescita]], [[Mecca]]e [[Arabia Saudiana|Arabiae Saudiana]] sita. Quae est sanctissimus intra mescitam locus, ergo sanctissimus in omni Islam locus.<ref name="eoi317">A. J. Wensinck, "Ka`ba," ''Encyclopaedia of Islam,'' 4:317.</ref> [[Musulmanus|Musulmani]], ubiqumque sint (cum extra Meccam sint), Caabam aspicere debent, cum [[prex|preces]] ''[[salat]]'' perfungantur. Al-Masjid al-Haram circa Caaba [[aedificium|aedificata est]].<ref>Al-Azraqi, [http://books.google.com/books?ei=tJqhUdnhNaGFyQHJ6oHIDA&id=GydWAAAAYAAJ&dq&q=%D8%A8%D9%83%D9%87#search_anchor ''Akhbar Mecca: History of Mecca''] (ISBN 9773411273), 262.</ref> Ex omnibus locis [[geographia|geographicis]], pars Caabam versus ''[[qibla]]'' appellatur.
[[Fasciculus:Kaaba mirror edit jj.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Peregrinatores ''tawaf'' agunt.]]

Una ex [[Quinque Columnae Islamicae|Quinque Columnis Islamicis]] omnem Musulmanum qui potest [[iter religiosum|peregrinatio]]nem ([[hajj]]) saltem semel perfungi requirit. Multae partes hajj peregrinatores [[tawaf]] facere requirunt, [[circumambulatio]]nem circa Caaba modo [[modus horologicus|contrahorologico]] [[septem|septies]] facientes; tawaf etiam agitur a peregrinatoribus per [[umrah]] (peregrinatione minore).<ref name="eoi317"/> Tempora autem iucundissima per ''hajj'' fiunt, cum miliones peregrinatorum conveniunt ut aedificium eodem die perambulant.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/7769689.stm|title=In pictures: Hajj pilgrimage|date=7 Decembris 2008|work=BBC News|}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patheos.com/blogs/altmuslim/2006/12/as_hajj_begins_more_changes_and_challenges_in_store/ |title=As Hajj begins, more changes and challenges in store}}</ref> Anno [[2013]], numerus peregrinatorum qui ex [[Arabia Saudiana|Regno Arabiae Saudianae]] ad hajj agendum venerunt 1&thinsp;379&thinsp;531 renuntiatus est.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mofa.gov.sa/sites/mofaen/ServicesAndInformation/news/GovernmentNews/Pages/Interior-Minister-Addresses-Cable-to--Custodian-of-the--Two-Holy--Mosques-on--Pilgrims-.aspx |title=Interior Minister Addresses Cable to Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques on Pilgrims|publisher=Saudi Arabia Ministry of Foreign Affairs|date=10 Decembris 2013}}.</ref> Anno [[2014]], Arabia Saudiana se 1&thinsp;389&thinsp;053 peregrinatorum internationalium et 63&thinsp;375 incolarum permisse renuntiavit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moi.gov.sa/wps/portal/passports/!ut/p/b1/jc9LDoIwEAbgs3CCztAW6bIUoU0EIY0o3RgWxGB4bIznFxWXqLOb5PvnQRypEX0UgjJGTsSNzb27NLduGpv-2bvgzFWhTJhRTBVTYBhWYBWn2gYzqGcQAWxFhBJCnQEYXVb-IatMscP_8rBSEn7lbTuSI3EvluaVpammCAI3YEo0TMuIhsgXAHs_i7FUMoFSs5gL_Vm0gG9_vCesH5rraWjJ4PoktObKpOc9AHIlibs!/dl4/d5/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS80SmtFL1o2X0dOVlMzR0gzMU9WNTMwSVExUURRU0IyT0c0/?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/passports/passports/main/news/news+archive/pas_news_02-10-2014c_en|title=More than 1.380 million pilgrims arrived|publisher=Saudi Arabia Ministry of Foreign Affairs|date=2 Octobris 2014}}.</ref>

==Architectura et pars interior==
[[Fasciculus:Kaaba.png|thumb|[[Adumbratio]] Caabae. Vide commentarium.]]
[[Fasciculus:Turkish - Tile with the Great Mosque of Mecca - Walters 481307 - View A.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Opus tessellatum]] Ottomanicum Caabam exprimunt.]]
[[Fasciculus:Mohammed kaaba 1315.jpg|thumb|Pictura ex ''[[Jami al-Tawarikh]],'' [[saeculum 14|saeculi quarti decimi]] ineunte, a [[fabula]] inspirata de Mahometo et senibus gentis [[Mecca]]nae qui [[Lapis Niger|Lapidem Nigrum]] eo [[saeculum 7|saeculo septimo]] ineunte sustulerunt, cum Caaba reficeretur.<ref name=uscmsa>{{cite web |author=University of Southern California |title=The Prophet of Islam – His Biography | |url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/prophet/profbio.html}}.</ref>]]
[[Fasciculus:Kaba.jpg|thumb|Caaba anno 1880.]]
[[Fasciculus:Masjid al-Haram 1.jpg|thumb|Caaba anno 1907.]]
[[Fasciculus:Hajj.ogg|thumb|Caaba per [[hajj]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Al-Haram mosque - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|thumb|Masjid al-Haram et Caaba per [[hajj]], [[2008]].]]
Quaeque res in indice sequente numerata proprietatibus in diagrammate ad laevam partem numeratis respondet.

1. ''Al-Ħajaru al-Aswad,'' [[Lapis Niger (Islam)|Lapis Niger]], in angulo orientali situs est. Angulus septentrionalis ''Ruknu l-ˤĪrāqī'' ('angulus Irqauiensis'), angulus occidentalis ''Ruknu sh-Shāmī'' ('angulus Levantinus'), angulus australis ''Ruknu l-Yamanī'' ('angulus Yemeniae') appellatur.<ref name="eoi317"/><ref>''Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an,'' 76.</ref> Quattuor anguli Caabae quattuor [[pars cardinalis|partes cardinales]] [[acus magnetica]]e fere indicant.<ref name="eoi317"/> Maior axis [[Canopus|Canopum]] orientem monstrat, [[stella]]m quam paries meridiana indicat, cum minor axis (facies ab oriente ad occidentem) [[solis ortus|solis ortum]] [[solstitium aestivale|solstitii aestivalis]] et [[solis occasus|solis occasum]] [[solstitium hiemale|solstitii hiemalis]] fere indicant.<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=Q9YYqiXm-lkC&pg=PA202&dq=kaaba+canopus&hl=en&ei=9R5MTruPKMnFswaR9aC0AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFQQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=kaaba%20canopus&f=false |title=Ancient astronomy: an encyclopedia of cosmologies and myth |author=Clive L. N. Ruggles |edition=Illustrated |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2005 |ISBN=9781851094776|page=202}}.</ref><ref>{{cite book |page=137 |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=pheL_ubbXD0C&pg=PA137&dq=kaaba+canopus&hl=en&ei=Ix9MTuyTCsPNsgavp7ioAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=kaaba%20canopus&f=false |title=Lost Discoveries: The Ancient Roots of Modern Science—from the Babylonians to the Maya |author=Dick Teresi |edition=Reprint, illustrated |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=2003 |ISBN=9780743243797}}.</ref>

2. Aditus, [[ianua|ostium]] 2.13 [[metrum|metra]] supra terram in latere boreoccidentali, qui pro [[facies|facie]] [[aedificium|aedificii]] est.<ref name="eoi317"/> <!--In 1979 the 300&nbsp;kg gold doors made by chief artist [[Ahmad bin Ibrahim Badr]], replaced the old silver doors made by his father, Ibrahim Badr in 1942.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?col=&section=middleeast&xfile=data/middleeast/2009/November/middleeast_November268.xml |title=Saudi Arabia’s Top Artist Ahmad bin Ibrahim Passes Away |date=9 Novembris 2009 |publisher=Khaleej Times}}.</ref>--> Scalae [[lignum|ligneae]] [[rota|rotis]] praeditae in [[mescita]] inter [[porta]]m arcuatam Banū Shaybah et [[Puteus Zamzam|Puteum Zamzam]] usitate conduntur.

3. ''Meezab-i Rahmat'', os [[aqua]]e [[pluvia]]lis, ex [[aurum|auro]] factum, anno [[1627]] additum.<!-- Added after the previous year's rain caused three of the four walls to collapse.-->

4. Canalis, anno [[1627]] ad fundamentum ab [[aqua]] terrestri protegendum additus.

5. ''Hatim,'' [[paries]] humilis, olim pars Caabae.<!--It is a semi-circular wall opposite, but not connected to, the north-west wall of the Kaaba known as the ''hatīm''. This is 90 cm in height and 1.5 m in width, and is composed of white marble. At one time the space lying between the ''hatīm'' and the Kaaba belonged to the Kaaba itself, and for this reason it is not entered during the ''tawaf''.-->

6. ''Al-Multazam,'' spatium 2 metra latum secundum parietem inter Lapidem Nigrum et ostium aditiale.<!--It is sometimes considered pious or desirable for a hajji to touch this area of the Kaaba, or perform [[dua]] here.-->

7. ''Statio Ibrahim,'' saeptum [[vitrum|vitri]] et [[metallum|metalli]], quod [[vestigium]] protegit [[pes|pedis]] [[Abraham (Islam)|Ibrahim]] habitum, qui supra hoc lapidem per superiores Caabae partes constructas stetisse dicitur, Ismailem in umeris tollens.<!--<ref>Secundum [[traditio]]nem [[Islam]]icam: "God made the stone under Abraham's feet into something like clay so that his foot sunk into it. That was a miracle. It was transmitted on the authority of Abu Ja'far al-Baqir (may peace be upon him) that he said: Three stones were sent down from [[Jannah|the Garden]]: the Station of Abraham, [[Foundation Stone|the rock of the children of Israel]], and the Black Stone, which God entrusted Abraham with as a white stone. It was whiter than paper, but became black from the sins of the children of Adam" (F. E. Peters, ''The Hajj,'' 1996).</ref>-->

8. Angulus Lapidis Nigri ([[oriens]]).

9. Angulus [[Yemenia]]e (meridioccidens). Peregrinatores magnum [[lapis|lapidem]] erectum hunc angulum formantem usitate agnoscunt.

10. Angulus [[Syria]]e (boreoccidens).

11. Angulus [[Iraquia]]e (boreoriens).<!-- This inside corner, behind a curtain, contains the ''Babut Taubah,'' Door of Repentance, which leads to a staircase to the roof.-->

12. [[Kiswah]], tegmentum [[ars acu pingendi|arte acu pingendi]] ornatum. Kiswa est atrum velum ex [[sericum|serico]] et [[aurum|auro]] factum.<!--replaced annually during the hajj.--><ref>{{cite web| title = 'House of God' Kaaba gets new cloth| publisher = The Age Company Ltd.|year=2003| url = http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/02/11/1044725746252.html}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = The Kiswa – (Kaaba Covering)| publisher = Al-Islaah Publications| url = http://members.tripod.com/worldupdates/newupdates10/id43.htm}}.</ref> <!--Two-thirds of the way up is a band of gold-embroidered Quranic text, including the [[Shahada]], the Islamic declaration of faith.-->

13. Linea [[marmor]]ea, initium et finem cuiusque circumperambulationis notans.

14. ''Statio [[Gabriel]]is.''

Caaba, locus sanctissimus in Islam, ex locutionibus ''domus Dei'' et ''domus Allah'' saepe appellatur.<ref>Witness Lee, ''The Basis for the Building Work of God'' (2003), 37.</ref><ref>Anas, ''Al-Muwatta of Iman Malik Ibn Ana'' (2013), 186.</ref>

{{NexInt}}<!--
{{portal|Islam|Saudi Arabia}}
*[[Al-Masjid al-Nabawi]]-->
*[[Khaabou]]
*[[Meschita Al-Aqsa]]
*[[Mons Sinai]]

==Notae==
<div class="references-small"><references/></div>

==Bibliographia==
*Al-Kalbi, Hisham Ibn. [[1952]]. ''The book of Idols.'' Liber conversus a Nabih Amin Faris.
*Armstrong, Karen. [[2000]]. ''Islam: A Short History.'' ISBN 081296618X.
*Crone, Patricia. [[2004]]. ''Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam.'' Piscataway Novae Caesareae: Gorgias.
*Elliott, Jeri. [[1992]]. ''Your Door to Arabia.'' ISBN 0473015463.
*Grunebaum, G. E. von. [[1970]]. ''Classical Islam: A History 600 A.D. to 1258 A.D.'' Aldine Publishing Company. ISBN 9780202307671.
*Guillaume, A. [[1955]]. ''The Life of Muhammad.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Hawting, G. R. Ka`ba. ''Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an.''
*Macaulay-Lewis, Elizabeth. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20141024053420/http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/the-kaaba.html The Kaba.] ''Smarthistory.''
*Mohamed, Mamdouh N. [[1996]]. ''Hajj to Umrah: From A to Z.'' Amana Publications. ISBN 091595754X.
*Peterson, Andrew. [[1997]]. ''Dictionary of Islamic Architecture.'' Londinii: Routledge.
*Wensinck, A. J. Ka`ba. ''Encyclopaedia of Islam.'' Vol. 4.

==Nexus externi==
{{Commons|Kaaba|Caabam}}<!--
{{NIE Poster|year=1905}}-->
{{fontes geographici}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090501200859/http://www.kabahinfo.net/ De Caaba,] kabahinfo.net<!--Everything you want to know about the Holy Ka'bah-->
*[http://www.islamfrominside.com/Pages/Articles/AroundtheKabba.html Descriptio et significatio tawaf circa Caabam actae,] www.islamfrominside.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140809215043/http://www.roadsofarabia.com/exhibition/artifact_11.html Prius ostim Caabae (ca. 1635),] www.roadsofarabia.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080423174338/http://live.gph.gov.sa/ Publicum webcam vivum Caabam monstrans,] live.gph.gov.sa

[[Categoria:Caaba| ]]
[[Categoria:Hajj]]
[[Categoria:Religio Islamica]]<!--
[[Categoria:Conversion of non-Muslim places of worship into mosques]]-->

{{Myrias|Philosophia}}