Fontem paginae Butta inspicere

{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} 
{{Videdis|Buddha (discretiva)}}
[[Fasciculus:StandingBuddha.jpg|thumb|Statua Buttae.]]
'''Butta'''<ref>Antiquissima eius mentio [[abecedarium Graecum|litteris Graecis]] inventa est in [[Clemens Alexandrinus|Clementis Alexandrini]] ''Miscellaneis'' 1.15.71.6, ubi legitur: {{polytonic|εἰσὶ δὲ τῶν Ἰνδῶν οἱ τοῖς Βούττα πειθόμενοι παραγγέλμασιν.}} ('sunt apud Indos qui Buttae praecepta sequuntur'). De qua re vide Georgios T. Halkias, "When the Greeks Converted the Buddha: Asymmetrical Transfers of Knowledge in Indo-Greek Cultures," in ''Religions and Trade: Religious Formation, Transformation and Cross-Cultural Exchange between East and West,'' ed. Peter Wick et Volker Rabens (2014), pp.65-116: p. 93, n. 83.</ref> ([[Palice]] {{lang|pi-Latn|Siddhattha Gotama Buddha}}, [[Sanscritice]] {{lang|sa-Latn|[[wikt:सिद्धार्थ|Siddhārtha]] [[wikt:गौतम|Gautama]] [[wikt:गौतम|Buddha]]}}<ref>In litteris [[Devanagari]] hodiernis: {{lang|sa|सिद्धार्थ गौतम गौतम}}.</ref>), nonnumquam et '''Gautama Buddha''', fuit doctor [[spiritualitas|spiritualis]] ex [[subcontinens Indicus|subcontinente Indico]], in cuius doctrinis [[Buddhismus]] conditus est.<ref>
{{cite web
|last = Boeree
|first = George
|title=An Introduction to Buddhism
|publisher=Shippensburg University
|url=http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/buddhaintro.html}}</ref>
[[nomen proprium|Nomen]] enim [[buddha]]e, quod 'expergefactus e somno' vel per [[metaphora|translationem]] 'eruditus' valet<ref>{{cite web
|url= http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/contextualize.pl?p.2.soas.1976481
|title= buddha 9276
|last= Turner
|first= Sir Ralph Lilley
|year= 1962–1985
|work= A comparative dictionary of the Indo-Aryan languages. Londinii: Oxford University Press
|publisher= Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago
|page= 525
|quote= [[Sister language|Hypothetical root]] ''budh'' "perceive" 1. Pali ''buddha'' – "understood, enlightened", [[Grammatical gender|masculine]] "the ''Buddha''"; Aśokan (the language of the [[Edicts of Ashoka|Inscriptions of Aśoka]]) ''Budhe'' [[Nominative case|nominative]] [[grammatical number|singular]]; [[Prakrit]] ''buddha'' – ‘ known, awakened ’; [[Waigali language|Waigalī]] ''būdāī'', "truth"; [[Kalami language|Bashkarīk]] ''budh'' "he heard"; [[Torwali language|Tōrwālī]] ''būdo'' [[preterite]] of ''bū'', "to see, know" from ''bṓdhati''; [[Phalura language|Phalūṛa]] ''búddo'' preterite of ''buǰǰ '', "to understand" from ''búdhyatē''; [[Shina language|Shina]] Gilgitī dialect ''budo'', "awake"; Gurēsī dialect ''budyōnṷ'' [[Intransitive verb|intransitive]] "to wake"; [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] ''bọ̆du'', "quick of understanding (especially of a child)"; [[Sindhi language|Sindhī]] ''ḇudho'', past [[participle]] ([[Passive voice|passive]]) of ''ḇujhaṇu'', "to understand" from ''búdhyatē'', West [[Pahari languages|Pahāṛī]] ''buddhā'', preterite  of ''bujṇā'', "to know"; [[Sinhala language|Sinhalese]] ''buj'' (''j'' written for ''d''), ''budu'', ''bud'', ''but'', "the Buddha".}}</ref>, in quolibet aevo datum est {{dubium|primi entitatis excitati}}. Butta enim, quem supremum habent plurimi commentarii Buddhistici omnium [[buddha]]rum aevi nostri, titulum '''Śākyamuni''' (Palice {{lang|pi-Latn|Sakyamunī}}) sustinet, hoc est 'sapiens [[Shakya|Śākyarum]]'. Invenit autem [[aurea mediocritas|viam mediam]], quae extremam [[religio]]num [[Sramana]] [[asceticismus|asceticismum]] emendavit.<ref>Stephen Laumakis, ''An Introduction to Buddhist philosophy'' (2008), p. 4.</ref>
[[Fasciculus:Dhamekh Stupa, where the Buddha gave the first sermon on the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path to his five disciples, Sarnath.jpg|thumb|150px|left|[[Stupa]] in [[Sarnath]] ubi Butta [[Buttae prima contio|primam contionem]] habuit.]]

[[Fasciculus:Birthplacebuddha.jpg|thumb|Locus natalis Buttae in [[Lumbini]].<ref>Hoc est sacrarium etiam pro [[Hinduismus|Hinduicis]], qui credunt Buddham esse [[novem|nonum]] ex [[decem]] [[Dashavatara|Dashavataris]] [[Vishnu]]s.</ref><ref>{{Cite book| year=1997 | chapter=Buddha as depicted in the Puranas |  title = Encyclopaedia of Hinduism, Volume 7 | author1=Nagendra Kumar Singh | publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. | isbn=9788174881687 | pages=260–275 | url=http://books.google.com/?id=UG9-HZ5icQ4C&pg=PA260 | postscript=}}.</ref>]]
Tempora Buttae ortus obitusque sunt incerta: plurimi [[historia|historici]] [[saeculum 20|saeculi vicensimi]] eius vitam a circa [[563 a.C.n.]] ad circa [[483 a.C.n.]] computaverunt,<ref>L. S. Cousins (1996), "[http://indology.info/papers/cousins The dating of the historical Buddha]: a review article," ''[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]]'' (3)6(1): 57–63.</ref> sed recentior opinio eius obitum habet inter [[486 a.C.n.|486]] et [[483 a.C.n.]], vel, ut aiunt nonnulli, inter [[411 a.C.n.|411]] et [[400 a.C.n.]]<ref>Vide consensum in commentationibus a maioribus eruditis scriptis in ''The Date of the Historical Śākyamuni Buddha,'' ed. A. K. Narain (Novi Dellii: B. R. Publishing Corporation, 2003), ISBN 81-7646-353-1.</ref><ref>"As is now almost universally accepted by informed Indological scholarship, a re-examination of early Buddhist historical material . . . necessitates a redating of the Buddha's death to between 411 and 400 BCE" —Paul Dundas, ''The Jains'', ed. 2a., ([[Routledge]], 2001), [http://books.google.com/books?id=5ialKAbIyV4C&pg=PA24, p. 24.]</ref> [[UNESCO]] [[Lumbini]] [[Nepalia]]e [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas|situm hereditatis mundi]] et locum ortus Gautamae Buddhae perscribit.<ref name="UNESCO">{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/666|title=Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha|publisher=UNESCO}}.</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121031180234/http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-astamahapratiharya-buddhist-pilgrimage-sites/</ref> Sunt autem adfirmationes locum sui ortus esse Kapilavastu apud Piprahwa, [[Uttar Pradesh]], vel Kapileswara, [[Orissa]]e, hodiernae Indiae.<ref name="V and A">{{cite web|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/asia/asia_features/buddhism/buddhist_pilgrimage/sites_india/kapilavastu/index.html|title=Kapilavastu|accessdate=1 March 2011}}</ref><ref name="hindu1">https://web.archive.org/web/20130603040336/http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2204/stories/20050225001008800.htm</ref><ref name="rediff1">http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/sep/16spec.htm</ref><ref>http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2008/03/buddha-born-in-orissa-scholars.html</ref><ref name="Orissa-gov">http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Journal/jounalvol1/pdf/orhj-3.pdf</ref> Ipse deinde per [[regio]]nes Indiae orientalis docebat, in [[Magadha]], [[Kosala|Kośala]], aliisque locis.<ref>A. K. Warder, ''Indian Buddhism'' (2000), 45.</ref><ref>Andrew Skilton, ''A Concise History of Buddhism'' (2004), 41.</ref>

[[Fasciculus:Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita Victory Over Mara.jpeg|thumb|Butta meditans sedet, daemonibus [[Mara (daemon)|Marae]] circumdatus. Manuscriptum Sanscriticum aetatis Pala. [[Nalanda]], [[Bihar]], [[India]].]]
[[Fasciculus:China-Shanghai-Jade_Buddha_Temple_6048-05.jpg|thumb|Butta se in Templo Gemmato<!--Jade--> [[Shanghai]] in [[urbs|urbe]] reclinat.]]
Butta est prima in Buddhismo persona, et [[fabula]]e de eius [[vita]], acroasibus, regulisque [[monasticismus|monasticis]] a Buddhistis creduntur congestas fuisse et a sectatoribus memoria custoditas. Variae doctrinarum congeries ei tributae, [[traditio oralis|traditione orali]] transmissae, primum, circa quadringentos annos post, [[litterae|litteris]] mandatae sunt.

==Notae==
<references/>

==Bibliographia==
*{{cite book|last=Ambedkar|first=B.R.|title=The Buddha and His Dhamma|year=1957|location=Bombay|publisher=People's Education Society}}
*{{cite book|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|title=Buddha|location=Novi Eboraci|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2001}}
*{{cite book|last1=Senzaki|first1=Nyogen|last2=McCandless|first2=Ruth Strout|title=Buddhism and Zen|year=1953|publisher=Philosophical Library|location=Novi Eboraci}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Bechert|editor-first=Heinz|year=1996|title=When Did the Buddha Live? The Controversy on the Dating of the Historical Buddha|location=Delhi|publisher=Sri Satguru}}
*Carrithers, Michael. [[1996]]. ''Der Buddha: Eine Einführung.'' Ditzingen: Reclam. ISBN 315003941X.
*Conze, Edward. [[1995]]. ''Der Buddhismus: Wesen und Entwicklung.'' Ed. 10a. Kohlhammer-Taschenbücher, 5. Berolini: Kohlhammer. ISBN 3170135058.
*{{cite book|last=Conze|first=Edward, conv.|title=Buddhist Scriptures|location=Londinii|publisher=Penguin Books|year=1959}}
*{{cite book|last=Ña?amoli|first=Bhikku|title=The Life of the Buddha According to the Pali Canon|edition=3rd|year=1992|publisher=Buddhist Publication Society|location=Kandy, Taprobanes}}
*{{cite book|last=Ortner|first=Jon|title=Buddha|location=Novi Eboraci|publisher=Welcome Books|year=2003}}
*{{cite book|last=Rahula|first=Walpola|title=What the Buddha Taught|edition=2nd|year=1974|publisher=Grove Press|location=Novi Eboraci}}
*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Richard H.|first2=Willard L.|last2=Johnson|first3=Sandra A.|last3=Wawrytko|first4=Geoffrey|last4=DeGraff|title=The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction|year=1996|publisher=Wadsworth Publishing Co.|location=Belmont Californiae}}
*Sathe, Shriram. [[1987]]. ''Dates of the Buddha.'' Hyderabad: Bharatiya Itihasa Sankalana Samiti.
*Schneider, Ulrich. [[1997]]. ''Der Buddhismus: Eine Einführung.'' Ed. 4a. Darmstadt: Primus Verlag. ISBN 389678501X.
*Schumann, Hans Wolfgang. [[2004]]. ''Der historische Buddha: Leben und Lehre des Gotama.'' Monaci: Hugendubel. ISBN 3896314394.
*Thích Nhất Hạnh. [[2006]]. ''Nimm das Leben in deine Arme: Die Lehre des Buddha über die Liebe.'' Monaci: Dtv ISBN 9783423342810.
*Reps, Paul, et Nyogen Senzaki. [[1957]]. ''Zen Flesh, Zen Bones: A Collection of Zen and Pre-Zen Writings. Novi Eboraci: Doubleday.
*Zotz, Volker. [[2001]]. ''Buddha mit Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten.'' Ed. 6a. Reinbek: Rowohlt. ISBN 3499504774.

{{NexInt}}
*[[Aśvaghoṣa|Aśvaghoṣae]] ''[[Buddhacarita]]''
*[[Buddhismus]]
*[[Buddhismus Tibetanus]]
*[[Philosophia Buddhistica]]
*[[Zen]]

==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Gautama Buddha|Buttam}}
{{Fontes biographici}}
*[http://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/buddha.html Biographia,] apud ''Access to insight''
*[http://www.synaptic.bc.ca/ejournal/buddhist.htm Fontes critici: Buddha et Buddhismus,] apud ''Synaptic''
*[http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhism/disciples05.htm "What Was The Buddha Like?" a Ven S. Dhammika,] apud ''Buddhanet''

{{1000 paginae}}

[[Categoria:Nati saeculo 6 a.C.n.]]
[[Categoria:Mortui 483 a.C.n.]]
[[Categoria:Ascetici]]
[[Categoria:Conditores religionum]]
[[Categoria:Consequentialistae]]
[[Categoria:Butta|!]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Indiae]]
[[Categoria:Philosophi Buddhistici]]
[[Categoria:Religio Buddhistica]]
[[Categoria:Religionis doctores]]

{{Myrias|Homines}}