Summarium

Feline-and-Cactus Stirrup Vessel   (  )
Artifex	Anonymous (Chavín)Unknown author
Titulus	Feline-and-Cactus Stirrup Vessel
Descriptio	English: This Tembladera-style Chavín work depicts a feline rendered in relatively high relief, alternating with a cactus form that may refer to the hallucinogenic San Pedro cactus. Chavín is considered the mother civilization of the South-American Andes, and is often compared to the Olmec of Mexico in that both cultures established many patterns of art, architecture, and culture by 1000 BC, that prevailed until the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century. Stirrup-spout vessels like this example were made by the Chavín (and many other South-American peoples) using a number of molds, with details modeled by hand. Although we do not know what was stored in these vessels, suggestions include corn beer or "chicha," a native Andean fermented beverage. Chavín stirrup-spout vessels vary in both their architecture (spout-width, shape, direction) and type of decoration. Many combine incised design with modeled form, as in this example. Felines of the type depicted on this vessel were important in Chavín art and culture because they were associated with the ruling houses. In nature such animals are often excellent hunters who occupy the top of the food chain, qualities also valued in human rulers. Felines, like jaguars and pumas, were also thought to enjoy great spiritual force; shamans were believed to transform into such creatures.
Datum	900 - 200 BC (Early Horizon-Early Intermediate)
Medium	ceramic grayware
Dimensions	Altitudo: 29.8 cm; Latitudo: 17.1 cm dimensions QS:P2048,29.85U174728 dimensions QS:P2049,17.15U174728
Collectus	Walters Art Museum    Native name Walters Art Museum Location Baltimora, Civitates Foederatae Americae Coordinates 39° 17′ 48″ N, 76° 36′ 58″ W   Established 1934  Situs interretialis thewalters.org Authority file : Q210081 VIAF: 128918374 ISNI: 000000040373611X ULAN: 500279110 LCCN: no00096900 GND: 16029354-6 WorldCat institution QS:P195,Q210081
Accession number	48.2832
Place of creation	Peru
Object history	Mr. Alexis Forrester, London, before the late 1970s [mode of acquisition unknown] Economos Works of Art, Santa Fe, New Mexico [date and mode of acquisition unknown] Private collection, 1991, by purchase 2009: given to Walters Art Museum
Credit line	Anonymous gift, 2009
Fons	Walters Art Museum: Home page  Info about artwork
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