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[[Fasciculus:NAMA Mystères d'Eleusis.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Tabula votiva, Eleusine in sacello reperta, elementa sacrorum Eleusiniorum (medio [[saeculum 4 a.C.n.|saeculo IV]]) depingens.]]
[[Fasciculus:NAMA Mystères d'Eleusis.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Tabula votiva]], Eleusine in sacello reperta, elementa sacrorum Eleusinorum (medio [[saeculum 4 a.C.n.|saeculo quarto a.C.n.]]) depingit.]]
[[Fasciculus:NAMA Triade éleusinienne.jpg|thumb|[[Triptolemus]], [[tres|triplicem]] [[Triticum|tritici]] fasciculum praebens, benedictiones [[Demeter|Demetris]] et [[Persephone]]s accipit. ''Relief''{{dubsig}} [[saeculum 5 a.C.n.|saeculi quinti a.C.n.]], in [[Museum Nationale Archaeologicum Athenarum|Museo Mationali Archaeologico Athenarum]] conservatum.]]
[[Fasciculus:NAMA Triade éleusinienne.jpg|thumb|[[Triptolemus]], [[tres|triplicem]] [[Triticum|tritici]] fasciculum praebens, benedictiones [[Demeter|Demetris]] et [[Persephone]]s accipit. Caelatura<!--Relief--> [[saeculum 5 a.C.n.|saeculi quinti a.C.n.]], in [[Museum Nationale Archaeologicum Athenarum|Museo Mationali Archaeologico Athenarum]] conservatum.]]
[[Fasciculus:Eleusinian hydria Antikensammlung Berlin 1984.46 n2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Demeter, in regali solio sedens, [[Metanira]]m genibus nitentem [[manus|manu]] benedicit, quae [[triticum]] triplicem porrigit, permanens arcanorum signum ([[Pictor Varrese]], [[hydria]] [[figlina figurarum rubrarum|figurarum rubrarum]]<!--red-figure pottery--> ca. [[340 a.C.n.]], ex [[pictura vasorum Apuliana|Apulia]]).]]
[[Fasciculus:Eleusinian hydria Antikensammlung Berlin 1984.46 n2.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Demeter]], in regali solio sedens, [[Metanira]]m [[genu|genibus]] nitentem [[manus|manu]] benedicit, quae [[triticum]] triplicem porrigit, permanens arcanorum signum ([[Pictor Varrese]], [[hydria]] [[figlina figurarum rubrarum|figurarum rubrarum]]<!--red-figure pottery--> ca. [[340 a.C.n.]], ex [[pictura vasorum Apuliana|Apulia]]).]]


'''Mysteria Eleusina'''<ref>"Mysteria Eleusina . . . Cereris sacrificia, quae ad Eleusin Oppidum Atticae celebrabantur." Ludovicus Vives, [http://books.google.com/books?id=7WrcxvOTYlAC ''Dialogos de Juan Luis Vives,''] a Christoval Coret y Peris Hispanice conversus, ed. 7a (Valentiae: 1780), p. 322.</ref><ref>Cf. "Misteria Eleusinae": [[Lucius Ampelius]], ''Liber memoriale'' [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ampelius.shtml 15.2]</ref> ([[Graece]] {{Polytonic|Ἐλευσίνια μυστήρια}}), vel '''arcana Eleusina,'''<ref>"Hinc factum est, ut ex antiquis nullo pacto eruditi potuerint eruere arcana Eleusina, & Orphica." Prosperus ab Aquila, [http://books.google.com/books?id=EjtLcFqiCQAC ''Dictionarium Theologicm Portatile''] (1769), p. 157.</ref> vel '''sacra Eleusinia,'''<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' "Claudius" 25; [[Aulus Gellius]], ''[[Noctes Atticae]]'' 11.6.5</ref><ref>"Eleusinis sacris" (abl. pl.): Suetonius, ''De vita Caesarum'' "Nero" 34.4; ''[[Historia Augusta]]'' "Alexander Severus" 18.2.</ref>
'''Mysteria Eleusina'''<ref>"Mysteria Eleusina . . . Cereris sacrificia, quae ad Eleusin Oppidum Atticae celebrabantur." Ludovicus Vives, [http://books.google.com/books?id=7WrcxvOTYlAC ''Dialogos de Juan Luis Vives,''] a Christoval Coret y Peris Hispanice conversus, ed. 7a (Valentiae: 1780), p. 322.</ref><ref>''Misteria Eleusinae'' in [[Lucius Ampelius|Lucii Ampelii]] ''Liber memoriale'' [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ampelius.shtml 15.2].</ref><ref>De [[nomen adiectivum|nomine adiectivo]], vide "tardaque Eleusinae matris volventia plaustra," [[Vergilius]], [[Georgica]], I.163.</ref> ([[Graece]] {{Polytonic|Ἐλευσίνα μυστήρια}}), vel '''arcana Eleusina,'''<ref>"Hinc factum est, ut ex antiquis nullo pacto eruditi potuerint eruere arcana Eleusina, & Orphica." Prosperus ab Aquila, [http://books.google.com/books?id=EjtLcFqiCQAC ''Dictionarium Theologicm Portatile''] (1769), p. 157.</ref> vel '''sacra Eleusinia,'''<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''[[De vita Caesarum]],'' "Claudius" 25; [[Aulus Gellius]], ''[[Noctes Atticae]]'' 11.6.5.</ref><ref>''Eleusinis sacris'' (abl. pl.): Suetonius, ''De vita Caesarum'' "Nero" 34.4; ''[[Historia Augusta]],'' "Alexander Severus" 18.2.</ref><ref>Confer ''sacra Cereris'' (Cicero), in Cassell's, s.v. ''săcer.''</ref> fuerunt [[initia (sacra)|initia]] [[Demeter|Demetris]] et [[Persephone]]s quotannis habita, [[Eleusin]]e in [[Attica]]e antiquae [[oppidum|oppido]] notissimo condita. Quae sacra inter ceteras caerimonias apud antiquos celebrata maximi momenti habebantur.
fuerunt [[initia (sacra)|initia]] [[Demeter|Demetris]] et [[Persephone]]s quotannis habita, [[Eleusin]]e in [[Attica]]e antiquae oppido notissimo condita. Quae sacra inter cetera caerimonia apud antiquos celebrata maximi momenti habebantur.


Constat Eleusinia sacra fuisse in vetere cultu agrario posita, qui a tempore [[Cultura Mycenaea|Mycenaeo]] (c. 1600–[[1100 a.C.n.]]) originem trahere videtur. Etiam memoriae traditum est cultum Demetris anno [[1500 a.C.n.]] institutum fuisse.<ref>Mylonas 1961:24. "Again, from legends we learn of the arrival of the Cult of Demeter at Eleusis in the fifteenth century [a.C.n.]—an event that must of course have had a profound influence on the life and activities of the site."</ref> Notio [[immortalitas|immortalitatis]], quae in religionibus [[syncretismus|syncretisticis]] antiquitatis comparet, antiquitate exeunte introducta est.<ref name=Nilsson42>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/gpr/ Martin Nilsson, ''The Greek popular religion: The cult of Eleusis,''] pp. 42–44.</ref> Mysteriis illis Persephone a [[Pluto (deus)|Plutone]] rege inferorum ({{Polytonic|Ἀίδης}}) ex manibus Demetris matris abducta repraesentabatur. Qui [[mythologia|mythus]], dispositus circulo tripartito qui in descensu (propter amissionem) et indagatione et adscensu consistebat, praecipue de adscensu Persephones eiusque cum matre reconciliatione narrabat. Hae fuit maiores feriae [[Hellenismus|aetate Hellenica]] celebrata, quae deinde [[Roma antiqua|Romam]] extendit.<ref>[[Sergeius Uvarov|Ouvaroff, M.]]<!-- (alternatively given as Sergei Semenovich Uvarov ~ Sergey Uvarov, 1786–1855)--> (ex Francica a J. D. Price conversus) [http://books.google.com/books?id=EFocAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Essay on the Mysteries of Eleusis''] (Londinii: Rodwell and Martin, 1817). Reimpressio: Kessinger Publishing, 2004). Secundum Ouvaroff, scire tempus primorum Mysteriorum Eleusinorum multas quaestiones habere.</ref> Quae mysteria Eleusinia fuerunt feriae maioris momenti aetate Hellenistica celebratae, quae postea Romam manaverunt. ''Eleusin'', [[Nomen proprium|nomen]] oppidi, prae-Graecum esse videtur. Sunt qui putent huic nomini cognationem esse cum [[Elysium|Elysio]] et [[Ilithyia]] (Graece {{Polytonic|Εἰλειθυία}}).
Constant Eleusina sacra fuisse in vetere [[agrarianismus|cultu agrario]] posita, qui a tempore [[Cultura Mycenaea|Mycenaeo]] (c. 1600–[[1100 a.C.n.]]) originem trahere videtur. Etiam [[memoria]]e traditum est [[cultus|cultum]] Demetris anno [[1500 a.C.n.]] institutum fuisse.<ref>Mylonas 1961:24. "Again, from legends we learn of the arrival of the Cult of Demeter at Eleusis in the fifteenth century [a.C.n.]—an event that must of course have had a profound influence on the life and activities of the site."</ref> Notio [[immortalitas|immortalitatis]], quae in [[religio]]nibus [[syncretismus|syncretisticis]] antiquitatis comparet, antiquitate exeunte introducta est.<ref name=Nilsson42>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/gpr/ Martin Nilsson, ''The Greek popular religion: The cult of Eleusis,''] pp. 42–44.</ref> Mysteriis illis Persephone a [[Pluto (deus)|Plutone]] [[rex|rege]] [[inferi|inferorum]] ({{Polytonic|Ἀίδης}}) ex [[manus|manibus]] Demetris matris abducta repraesentabatur. Qui [[mythologia|mythus]], dispositus circulo tripartito qui in descensu (propter amissionem) et indagatione et adscensu consistebat, praecipue de adscensu Persephones eiusque cum matre reconciliatione narrabat. Mysteria Eleusina fuerunt feriae maioris momenti [[Hellenismus|aetate Hellenistica]] celebratae, quae postea [[Roma]]m manaverunt.<ref>[[Sergeius Uvarov|Ouvaroff, M.]]<!-- (alternatively given as Sergei Semenovich Uvarov ~ Sergey Uvarov, 1786–1855)--> (ex Francica a J. D. Price conversus) [http://books.google.com/books?id=EFocAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Essay on the Mysteries of Eleusis''] (Londinii: Rodwell and Martin, 1817). Reimpressio: Kessinger Publishing, 2004). Secundum Ouvaroff, scire tempus primorum Mysteriorum Eleusinorum multas quaestiones habere.</ref> Quae mysteria fuerunt ''[[Eleusin]]'', [[Nomen proprium|nomen]] oppidi, prae-Graecum esse videtur. Sunt qui putent huic nomini cognationem esse cum [[Elysium|Elysio]] et [[Ilithyia]] (Graece {{Polytonic|Εἰλειθυία}}).<ref>"[[Elysion]]: The island of the happy dead (Hesiod: ''Works and days'' 166ff). [[Eileithyia]]. A Minoan goddess of childbirth and divine midwifery." F. Schachermeyer, ''Die Minoische Kultur des alten Kreta'' (Stuttgartiae: W. Kohlhammer, 1967), pp 141–142.</ref>
<ref>"[[Elysion]]: The island of the happy dead (Hesiod: ''Works and days'' 166ff). [[Eileithyia]]. A Minoan goddess of childbirth and divine midwifery." F. Schachermeyer, ''Die Minoische Kultur des alten Kreta'' (Stuttgartiae: W. Kohlhammer, 1967), pp 141–142.</ref>


[[Ritus]], [[caerimonia]]e, [[fides]]que fuerunt res absconditae, perpetuo celatae et custoditae. Initiati credebant sese in [[vita posterior]]e<!--?afterlife--> compensationem accepturos esse.<ref>Antonia Tripolitis, ''Religions of the Hellenistic-Roman Age'' (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, November 2001), pp. 16–21.</ref> Hodie adsunt multae [[pictura]]e et fragmenta [[figlina]]e quae varios arcanorum aspectus describunt. Quia arcana imagines visas<!--visions--> et praestigias vitae posterioris comprehendebant, nonnulli eruditi hodierni putant potestatem et longaevitatem mysteriorum Eleusinorum ex [[psychedelia|rebus psychedelicis]] emanavisse.<ref name="Wasson, R 1978">[[R. Gordon Wasson|Wasson, R. Gordon]], [[Carl A. P. Ruck|Ruck, Carl]], [[Albert Hofmann|Hofmann, A.]], ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries''. Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1978.</ref>
[[Ritus]], [[caerimonia]]e, [[fides]]que fuerunt res absconditae, perpetuo celatae et custoditae. Initiati credebant sese in [[vita posterior]]e<!--?afterlife--> compensationem accepturos esse.<ref>Antonia Tripolitis, ''Religions of the Hellenistic-Roman Age'' (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, November 2001), pp. 16–21.</ref> Hodie adsunt multae [[pictura]]e et fragmenta [[figlina]]e quae varios arcanorum aspectus describunt. Quia arcana imagines visas<!--visions--> et praestigias vitae posterioris comprehendebant, nonnulli eruditi hodierni putant potestatem et longaevitatem mysteriorum Eleusinorum ex [[psychedelia|rebus psychedelicis]] emanavisse.<ref name="Wasson, R 1978">[[R. Gordon Wasson|Wasson, R. Gordon]], [[Carl A. P. Ruck|Ruck, Carl]], [[Albert Hofmann|Hofmann, A.]], ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries''. Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1978.</ref>
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Mysteria ad [[mythologia|mythum]] de [[Demeter|Demetre]] pertinent, [[dea]] [[agricultura]]e et [[fertilitas|fertilitatis]], ut in uno ex [[Hymni Homerici|Hymnis Homericis]] (ca. [[650 a.C.n.]]) [[narratio|narratur]]. Secundum [[hymnus|hymnum]], [[Persephone]] Demetris [[filia]] (etiam ''Kore'' 'Virgo' appellata), cum ea et amicae [[flos|flores]] conligerent, ab [[Hades (mythologia)|Hade]], [[deus|deo]] [[mors|mortis]] [[infernus Graecus|infernique Graeci]], capta est; qui eam ad suum [[regnum]] subterraneum abstulit. Demeter conturbata filiam ubique petebat. Ob suam miseriam, adque cogendum [[Zeus|Iovem]] ut sineret Persephonem redire, terribilem effecit [[siccitas|siccitatem]], quo [[homo|homines]] dolore adfecti fameque confecti sunt; quo deos sacrificiis et veneratione privaret. Evenit ut Zeus molliens Persephonem sivit ad matrem redire.<ref>Helene P. Foley, ''The Homeric "Hymn to Demeter" (Princetoniae: Princeton University Press, 1994). Etiam Steck Vaughn, ''Demeter and Persephone'' (Steck Vaughn Publishing, June 1994).</ref>
Mysteria ad [[mythologia|mythum]] de [[Demeter|Demetre]] pertinent, [[dea]] [[agricultura]]e et [[fertilitas|fertilitatis]], ut in uno ex [[Hymni Homerici|Hymnis Homericis]] (ca. [[650 a.C.n.]]) [[narratio|narratur]]. Secundum [[hymnus|hymnum]], [[Persephone]] Demetris [[filia]] (etiam ''Kore'' 'Virgo' appellata), cum ea et amicae [[flos|flores]] conligerent, ab [[Hades (mythologia)|Hade]], [[deus|deo]] [[mors|mortis]] [[infernus Graecus|infernique Graeci]], capta est; qui eam ad suum [[regnum]] subterraneum abstulit. Demeter conturbata filiam ubique petebat. Ob suam miseriam, adque cogendum [[Zeus|Iovem]] ut sineret Persephonem redire, terribilem effecit [[siccitas|siccitatem]], quo [[homo|homines]] dolore adfecti fameque confecti sunt; quo deos sacrificiis et veneratione privaret. Evenit ut Zeus molliens Persephonem sivit ad matrem redire.<ref>Helene P. Foley, ''The Homeric "Hymn to Demeter" (Princetoniae: Princeton University Press, 1994). Etiam Steck Vaughn, ''Demeter and Persephone'' (Steck Vaughn Publishing, June 1994).</ref>


Ex mytho, Demeter indagans procul errat, cum multa patret incepta minora. Verum aliquando tamen [[Triptolemus|Triptolemum]] arcanis [[agricultura]]e docet.<ref>William Smith, ''A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography,'' vol. 2 (Kessinger Publishing, 2006).</ref> Ad extremum, Iove consulto, Demeter filiam sibi coniungit, ac [[tellus]] in priorem viriditatem prosperitatemque primo [[autumnus|autumno]] restituitur. <!--PLUS IN EN:-->
Ex mytho, Demeter indagans procul errat, cum multa patret incepta minora. Verum aliquando tamen [[Triptolemus|Triptolemum]] arcanis [[agricultura]]e docet.<ref>William Smith, ''A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography,'' vol. 2 (Kessinger Publishing, 2006).</ref> Ad extremum, Iove consulto, Demeter filiam sibi coniungit, ac [[tellus]] in priorem viriditatem prosperitatemque primo [[autumnus|autumno]] restituitur.

Zeus, a ploratibus hominum pressus qui [[fames|fame]] periebant aliorumque deum qui [[mortalitas|mortalium]] exaudiebant angorem, Hadem ut Persephonen remitteret coegit. Erat autem regula [[Fatum|Fatorum]] quod quicumque [[cibus|cibum]] vel [[potio]]nem in inferno consumpsit [[aeternitas|aeternitatem]] ibi degere debuit. Antequam Persephone est [[Hermes|Hermi]] [[libertas|liberata]] (qui ad eam recuperandam missus erat), Hades fraude ac dolio fecit ut ea [[semen|semina]] [[Punica granatum|mali granati]] ederet, [[sex]] vel [[quattuor]], secundum auctorem; quo facto, in infernos nonnullos [[mensis|menses]] quotannis redire debuit, cum Hade sex vel quattuor [[mensis|menses]] (cuique semini singulo mense), cum [[mater|matre]] super [[terra (humus)|terram]] aequale tempore commorari. [[Filia]] diu absente, mater tristis terram cultam neglegere coepit; filia autem ad [[superficies|superficiem]] reducta, mater laetabilis [[vegetatio]]nem [[tellus|telluris]] denuo curabat. <!--PLUS IN EN:-->


==Vide etiam==
==Vide etiam==
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*[[Bacchoi]]
*[[Bacchoi]]
*[[Cabeiri]]
*[[Cabeiri]]
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*[[Campus Rharianus]]
*[[Campus Rharianus]]
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*[[Ceres (dea)]]
*[[Daduchus]]
*[[Daduchus]]
*[[Dea papaverum]]<!--Poppy goddess-->
*[[Dea papaverum]]<!--Poppy goddess-->
*[[Eleusinium]]
*[[Eleusinium]]
*[[Eleusis (ludus)]]
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*[[Iambe]]
*[[Iambe]]
*[[Orphismus (religio)|Orphismus]]
*[[Orphismus (religio)]]
*[[Prorrhesis]]
*[[Prorrhesis]]
*[[Via Sacra (Attica)]]
*[[Via Sacra (Attica)]]
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==Bibliographia==
==Bibliographia==
*Apud Clementem Alexandrinum, ''Exhortation to the Greeks'' (Meyer 1999:18).
*Apud Clementem Alexandrinum, ''Exhortation to the Greeks'' (Meyer 1999:18).
* [[Pseudo-Apollodorus|Apollodorus]]<!--aut Apollodorus grammaticus?-->. ''[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Apollod.+1.1.1 Apollodorus: The Library]'', Sir James George Frazer (translator). Two volumes. [[Loeb Classical Library]]. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press and London: William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Vol. 1: ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Vol. 2: ISBN 0-674-99136-2.
* [[Pseudo-Apollodorus|Apollodorus]]<!--aut Apollodorus grammaticus?-->. ''[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Apollod.+1.1.1 Apollodorus: The Library]'', conversus ab [[Iacobus Georgius Frazer|Iacobo Georgio Frazer]] Equite. 2 voll. [[Loeb Classical Library]]. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press; Londinii: William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Vol. 1: ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Vol. 2: ISBN 0-674-99136-2.
* Boardman, Griffin, et Murray. ''The Oxford History of the Classical World'' (Oxford University Press 1986). ISBN 978-0-19-872112-3.
* Boardman, Griffin, et Murray. [[1986]].''The Oxford History of the Classical World.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-872112-3.
* Bowden, Hugh. [[2010]]. ''Mystery Cults of the Ancient World'' (Princetoniae: Princeton University Press).<!--study of the Mysteries of Eleusis and other cults of ancient Greece and Rome-->
* Bowden, Hugh. [[2010]]. ''Mystery Cults of the Ancient World.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press.<!--study of the Mysteries of Eleusis and other cults of ancient Greece and Rome-->
* Brisson, Luc, et Catherine Tihanyi. [[2004]]. ''How Philosophers Saved Myths: Allegorical Interpretation and Classical Mythology.'' Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-07535-4.
* Brisson, Luc, et Catherine Tihanyi. [[2004]]. ''How Philosophers Saved Myths: Allegorical Interpretation and Classical Mythology.'' Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-07535-4.
* [[Gualterius Burkert|Burkert, Walter]]. [[1987]]. ''Ancient Mystery Cults.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press.
* [[Gualterius Burkert|Burkert, Walter]]. [[1987]]. ''Ancient Mystery Cults.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press.
* [[Cicero]]. ''De Legibus.'' II, xiv, 36.
* [[Cicero]]. ''De Legibus,'' 2.14.36.
* Clinton, Kevin. [[1994]]. "The Epidauria and the Arrival of Asclepius in Athens" in ''Ancient Greek Cult Practice from the Epigraphical Evidence''. edited by R. Hägg. Holmiae. ISBN 91-7916-029-8.
* Clinton, Kevin. [[1994]]. "The Epidauria and the Arrival of Asclepius in Athens" in ''Ancient Greek Cult Practice from the Epigraphical Evidence.'' Ed. R. Hägg. Holmiae. ISBN 91-7916-029-8.
* [[Eugenius Goblet d'Alviella|Goblet d’Alviella, Eugène, comte]]. [[1903]]. ''The mysteries of Eleusis : the secret rites and rituals of the classical Greek mystery tradition.''.
* [[Eugenius Goblet d'Alviella|Goblet d’Alviella, Eugène, comte]]. [[1903]]. ''The mysteries of Eleusis : the secret rites and rituals of the classical Greek mystery tradition.''
*Greene, William C. [[1946]]. "The Return of Persephone" in ''Classical Philology.'' Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
*Greene, William C. [[1946]]. "The Return of Persephone." In ''Classical Philology.'' Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
* [[Carolus Kerényi|Kerényi, Karl]]. [[1991]]. ''Eleusis: Archetypal Image of Mother and Daughter.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press ISBN 0-691-01915-0.
* [[Carolus Kerényi|Kerényi, Karl]]. [[1991]]. ''Eleusis: Archetypal Image of Mother and Daughter.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press ISBN 0-691-01915-0.
* Metzner, Ralph. [[1997]]. The Reunification of the Sacred and the natural. ''Eleusis'' 8:3–13.
* Metzner, Ralph. [[1997]]. The Reunification of the Sacred and the natural. ''Eleusis'' 8:3–13.
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* Vaughn, Steck. [[1994]]. ''Demeter and Persephone.'' Steck Vaughn Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8114-3362-4.
* Vaughn, Steck. [[1994]]. ''Demeter and Persephone.'' Steck Vaughn Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8114-3362-4.
* [[R. Gordon Wasson|Wasson, R]], [[Carolus A. P. Ruck|Carl Ruck]], et [[Albertus Hofmann|Albert Hofmann]]. [[1978]]. ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries.'' Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-177872-8.
* [[R. Gordon Wasson|Wasson, R]], [[Carolus A. P. Ruck|Carl Ruck]], et [[Albertus Hofmann|Albert Hofmann]]. [[1978]]. ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries.'' Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-177872-8.
*Willoughby, Harold R. [[2003]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=3jx8fVdCfSEC&pg=PA36&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=0_0&sig=30E3z1jD2oK_Krg2ZUSIDRoUvII "The Greater Mysteries at Eleusis,"] caput 2, ex [http://books.google.com/books?id=3jx8fVdCfSEC&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 ''Pagan Regeneration: A Study of Mystery Initiations in the Graeco-Roman World.''] Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 0-7661-8083-2.<!-- Broad excerpts can be browsed online.-->
*Willoughby, Harold R. [[2003]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=3jx8fVdCfSEC&pg=PA36&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=0_0&sig=30E3z1jD2oK_Krg2ZUSIDRoUvII "The Greater Mysteries at Eleusis,"] caput 2, ex [http://books.google.com/books?id=3jx8fVdCfSEC&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 ''Pagan Regeneration: A Study of Mystery Initiations in the Graeco-Roman World.''] Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 0-7661-8083-2.


==Nexus externi==
==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Eleusinian Mysteries|Mysteria Eleusina}}
{{CommuniaCat|Eleusinian Mysteries|Mysteria Eleusina}}
*Edward A. Beach, [http://www.uwec.edu/philrel/faculty/beach/publications/eleusis.html "The Eleusinian Mysteries."]
*Edward A. Beach, [http://www.uwec.edu/philrel/faculty/beach/publications/eleusis.html "The Eleusinian Mysteries,"] www.uwec.edu
*Thomas R. Martin, [http://web.archive.org/web/20080315014258/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0009&query=head%3d%23168 "The Eleusinian Mysteries."]<!-- eX ''An Overview of Classical Greek History from Homer to Alexander''.
*Thomas R. Martin, [http://web.archive.org/web/20080315014258/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0009&query=head%3d%23168 "The Eleusinian Mysteries,"] web.archive.org (ex ''An Overview of Classical Greek History from Homer to Alexander'')
* [http://eleusis.library.cornell.edu/ Imagines Inscriptionu] de Arcanis Eleusinis, [[Cornell University Library]].
*[http://eleusis.library.cornell.edu/ Imagines Inscriptionum Arcanorum Eleusinorum,] eleusis.library.cornell.edu ([[Cornell University Library]])
* R. Gordon Wasson, Albert Hofmann, et Carl A. P. Ruck, [http://www.psychedelic-library.org/eleucont.htm Praefatio et caput primum] ex libro ''The Road to Eleusis''
*R. Gordon Wasson, Albert Hofmann, et Carl A. P. Ruck, [http://www.psychedelic-library.org/eleucont.htm Praefatio et caput primum ex libro ''The Road to Eleusis,''] www.psychedelic-library.org
* [http://www.rosicrucian.org/publications/digest/digest2_2009/table_of_contents.html ''Rosicrucian Digest,''] vol. 87<!-- devoted entirely to the Eleusinian Mysteries-->
*[http://www.rosicrucian.org/publications/digest/digest2_2009/table_of_contents.html ''Rosicrucian Digest,'' vol. 87,] www.rosicrucian.org
[[Categoria:Ceres (dea)]]
[[Categoria:Ceres (dea)]]

Emendatio ex 11:53, 14 Aprilis 2013

Tabula votiva, Eleusine in sacello reperta, elementa sacrorum Eleusinorum (medio saeculo quarto a.C.n.) depingit.
Triptolemus, triplicem tritici fasciculum praebens, benedictiones Demetris et Persephones accipit. Caelatura saeculi quinti a.C.n., in Museo Mationali Archaeologico Athenarum conservatum.
Demeter, in regali solio sedens, Metaniram genibus nitentem manu benedicit, quae triticum triplicem porrigit, permanens arcanorum signum (Pictor Varrese, hydria figurarum rubrarum ca. 340 a.C.n., ex Apulia).

Mysteria Eleusina[1][2][3] (Graece Ἐλευσίνα μυστήρια), vel arcana Eleusina,[4] vel sacra Eleusinia,[5][6][7] fuerunt initia Demetris et Persephones quotannis habita, Eleusine in Atticae antiquae oppido notissimo condita. Quae sacra inter ceteras caerimonias apud antiquos celebrata maximi momenti habebantur.

Constant Eleusina sacra fuisse in vetere cultu agrario posita, qui a tempore Mycenaeo (c. 1600–1100 a.C.n.) originem trahere videtur. Etiam memoriae traditum est cultum Demetris anno 1500 a.C.n. institutum fuisse.[8] Notio immortalitatis, quae in religionibus syncretisticis antiquitatis comparet, antiquitate exeunte introducta est.[9] Mysteriis illis Persephone a Plutone rege inferorum (Ἀίδης) ex manibus Demetris matris abducta repraesentabatur. Qui mythus, dispositus circulo tripartito qui in descensu (propter amissionem) et indagatione et adscensu consistebat, praecipue de adscensu Persephones eiusque cum matre reconciliatione narrabat. Mysteria Eleusina fuerunt feriae maioris momenti aetate Hellenistica celebratae, quae postea Romam manaverunt.[10] Quae mysteria fuerunt Eleusin, nomen oppidi, prae-Graecum esse videtur. Sunt qui putent huic nomini cognationem esse cum Elysio et Ilithyia (Graece Εἰλειθυία).[11]

Ritus, caerimoniae, fidesque fuerunt res absconditae, perpetuo celatae et custoditae. Initiati credebant sese in vita posteriore compensationem accepturos esse.[12] Hodie adsunt multae picturae et fragmenta figlinae quae varios arcanorum aspectus describunt. Quia arcana imagines visas et praestigias vitae posterioris comprehendebant, nonnulli eruditi hodierni putant potestatem et longaevitatem mysteriorum Eleusinorum ex rebus psychedelicis emanavisse.[13]

Mythologia Demetris et Persephones

Mysteria ad mythum de Demetre pertinent, dea agriculturae et fertilitatis, ut in uno ex Hymnis Homericis (ca. 650 a.C.n.) narratur. Secundum hymnum, Persephone Demetris filia (etiam Kore 'Virgo' appellata), cum ea et amicae flores conligerent, ab Hade, deo mortis infernique Graeci, capta est; qui eam ad suum regnum subterraneum abstulit. Demeter conturbata filiam ubique petebat. Ob suam miseriam, adque cogendum Iovem ut sineret Persephonem redire, terribilem effecit siccitatem, quo homines dolore adfecti fameque confecti sunt; quo deos sacrificiis et veneratione privaret. Evenit ut Zeus molliens Persephonem sivit ad matrem redire.[14]

Ex mytho, Demeter indagans procul errat, cum multa patret incepta minora. Verum aliquando tamen Triptolemum arcanis agriculturae docet.[15] Ad extremum, Iove consulto, Demeter filiam sibi coniungit, ac tellus in priorem viriditatem prosperitatemque primo autumno restituitur.

Zeus, a ploratibus hominum pressus qui fame periebant aliorumque deum qui mortalium exaudiebant angorem, Hadem ut Persephonen remitteret coegit. Erat autem regula Fatorum quod quicumque cibum vel potionem in inferno consumpsit aeternitatem ibi degere debuit. Antequam Persephone est Hermi liberata (qui ad eam recuperandam missus erat), Hades fraude ac dolio fecit ut ea semina mali granati ederet, sex vel quattuor, secundum auctorem; quo facto, in infernos nonnullos menses quotannis redire debuit, cum Hade sex vel quattuor menses (cuique semini singulo mense), cum matre super terram aequale tempore commorari. Filia diu absente, mater tristis terram cultam neglegere coepit; filia autem ad superficiem reducta, mater laetabilis vegetationem telluris denuo curabat.

Vide etiam

Notae

  1. ↑ "Mysteria Eleusina . . . Cereris sacrificia, quae ad Eleusin Oppidum Atticae celebrabantur." Ludovicus Vives, Dialogos de Juan Luis Vives, a Christoval Coret y Peris Hispanice conversus, ed. 7a (Valentiae: 1780), p. 322.
  2. ↑ Misteria Eleusinae in Lucii Ampelii Liber memoriale 15.2.
  3. ↑ De nomine adiectivo, vide "tardaque Eleusinae matris volventia plaustra," Vergilius, Georgica, I.163.
  4. ↑ "Hinc factum est, ut ex antiquis nullo pacto eruditi potuerint eruere arcana Eleusina, & Orphica." Prosperus ab Aquila, Dictionarium Theologicm Portatile (1769), p. 157.
  5. ↑ Suetonius, De vita Caesarum, "Claudius" 25; Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 11.6.5.
  6. ↑ Eleusinis sacris (abl. pl.): Suetonius, De vita Caesarum "Nero" 34.4; Historia Augusta, "Alexander Severus" 18.2.
  7. ↑ Confer sacra Cereris (Cicero), in Cassell's, s.v. săcer.
  8. ↑ Mylonas 1961:24. "Again, from legends we learn of the arrival of the Cult of Demeter at Eleusis in the fifteenth century [a.C.n.]—an event that must of course have had a profound influence on the life and activities of the site."
  9. ↑ Martin Nilsson, The Greek popular religion: The cult of Eleusis, pp. 42–44.
  10. ↑ Ouvaroff, M. (ex Francica a J. D. Price conversus) Essay on the Mysteries of Eleusis (Londinii: Rodwell and Martin, 1817). Reimpressio: Kessinger Publishing, 2004). Secundum Ouvaroff, scire tempus primorum Mysteriorum Eleusinorum multas quaestiones habere.
  11. ↑ "Elysion: The island of the happy dead (Hesiod: Works and days 166ff). Eileithyia. A Minoan goddess of childbirth and divine midwifery." F. Schachermeyer, Die Minoische Kultur des alten Kreta (Stuttgartiae: W. Kohlhammer, 1967), pp 141–142.
  12. ↑ Antonia Tripolitis, Religions of the Hellenistic-Roman Age (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, November 2001), pp. 16–21.
  13. ↑ Wasson, R. Gordon, Ruck, Carl, Hofmann, A., The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries. Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1978.
  14. ↑ Helene P. Foley, The Homeric "Hymn to Demeter" (Princetoniae: Princeton University Press, 1994). Etiam Steck Vaughn, Demeter and Persephone (Steck Vaughn Publishing, June 1994).
  15. ↑ William Smith, A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography, vol. 2 (Kessinger Publishing, 2006).

Bibliographia

Nexus externi

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