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Emendatio ex 11:36, 18 Septembris 2010

Vocula falsa^[1] vel vulgo falsetto (ab Italiano sermone) est vox in argutam fracta, quae in acuto cantu operatico aut rockico adhibetur praeter maris phonationis naturam. Efficitur ex motu marginum ligamentorum chordarum vocalium, in toto vel partim.

Notae

↑ Cic. de or. 3.98 "Quanto molliores sunt et delicatiores in cantu flexiones et falsae voculae quam certae et severae."

Vide etiam

Nexus externi

Glossary definition of falsetto at Virginia Tech's Web site

[1] Cic. de or. 3.98 "Quanto molliores sunt et delicatiores in cantu flexiones et falsae voculae quam certae et severae."

[1]

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-'''Vox falsa''' ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''falsetto,'' diminutivum verbi ''falso'' 'falsus') est vox opere alta, praecipue vox cantans opere expressa quae ambitui vocali fere uno [[octavus|octavo]] imminet et super ambitu [[vox plena|vocis plenae]] extendit, praecipue [[tenor]]is. Efficitur ex motu marginum ligamentosorum [[chordae vocales|chordarum vocalium]], in toto vel partim.<!--
+'''Vocula falsa'''<ref>Cic. ''de or.'' 3.98 "Quanto molliores sunt et delicatiores in cantu flexiones et '''falsae voculae''' quam certae et severae."</ref> vel vulgo '''falsetto''' (ab [[Lingua Italiana|Italiano]] sermone) est vox in argutam fracta, quae in acuto cantu [[opera]]tico aut [[rock]]ico adhibetur praeter maris phonationis naturam. <!-- Haec non omnino intellego: praecipue vox cantans opere expressa quae ambitui vocali fere uno [[octavus|octavo]] imminet et super ambitu [[vox plena|vocis plenae]] extendit, praecipue [[tenor]]is. --> Efficitur ex motu marginum ligamentorum [[plicae vocales|chordarum vocalium]], in toto vel partim.
+== Notae ==
-ex en: Though frequently used in reference to a particular type of vocal production in singing, falsetto vocal production also occurs within speech and is one of the four main vocal registers identified within [[speech pathology]]. The characteristic sound of falsetto is inherently breathy and flute-like, with few [[overtones]] present. The falsetto voice is more limited in dynamic variation and tone quality than the modal voice in both speaking and singing. Both men and women can [[phonate]] in the falsetto register.<ref name="McKinneyONE">McKinney, James (1994). The Diagnosis and Correction of Vocal Faults, cited below</ref> The term '''falsetto''' is most often used in the context of singing to refer to a vocal technique that enables the singer to sing notes beyond the [[vocal range]] of the normal or modal voice.<ref name="groveONE">THE NEW GROVE Dictionary of MUSIC & MUSICIANS. Edited by Stanley Sadie, Volume 6. Edmund to Fryklund. ISBN 1-56159-174-2, Copyright Macmillan 1980.</ref> . . . .
+<references />
-==Musical history==
-Use of falsetto voice in western music is very old. Its origins are difficult to trace because of ambiguities in terminology. In a book by GB Mancini, called ''Pensieri e riflessioni'' written in [[1774]], falsetto is equated with 'voce di testa' (translated as 'head voice'). Possibly when 13th century writers distinguished between chest, [[Overtone singing|throat]] and head registers (pectoris, guttoris, capitis) they meant capitis to refer to what would be later called falsetto.<ref name="groveONE"/>
-By the 16th century the term falsetto was common in Italy. The physician [[Giovanni Camillo Maffei]] in his book ''Discorso della voce e del modo d'apparare di cantar di garganta'' in 1562 explained that when a bass singer sang in the soprano range, the voice was called 'falsetto'.<ref name="groveONE"/>
-The falsetto register is used by male [[countertenor]]s to sing in the [[alto (voice)|alto]] and occasionally the [[soprano]] range, and was before women sang in [[choir]]s. Falsetto is occasionally used by [[early music]] specialists today, and regularly in British cathedral choirs by men who sing the alto line.
-In Opera it is believed that the [[chest voice]], middle voice and [[head voice]] occur in women.<ref name="oxfordDictOperaOne">The OXFORD DICTIONARY OF OPERA. JOHN WARRACK AND EWAN WEST, ISBN 0-19-869164-5</ref> The head voice of a man is, according to David A. Clippinger most likely equivalent to the middle voice of a woman.<ref name="Headv">{{cite book|last=Clippinger|first=David Alva|coauthors=|title=The Head Voice and Other Problems: Practical Talks on Singing|publisher=[[Oliver Ditson Company]]|date=1917|pages=Page 24|month=|isbn =}}[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/19493 Project Gutenberg etext]</ref>  This may mean the head voice of a woman is a man's falsetto equivalent. Although, in contemporary teaching, some teachers no longer talk of the middle voice, choosing to call it the head voice as with men. Falsetto is not generally counted by classical purists as a part of the vocal range of anyone except countertenors. There are exceptions, however, such as the Bariton-Martin which uses falsetto (see [[baritone]] article).<ref name="GroveONE">THE NEW GROVE Dictionary of MUSIC & MUSICIANS. Edited by Stanley Sadie, Volume 2. Back to Bolivia. ISBN 1-56159-174-2, Copyright Macmillan Publishers Limited 1980.</ref>
-In Hawai'i, many [[Music of Hawaii|Hawaiian songs]] feature falsetto, called "''leo ki'eki'e''", a term coined in Hawaiian in 1973.{{Fact|date=December 2007}} Falsetto singing, most often used by men, extends the singer's range to notes above their ordinary vocal range. The voice makes a characteristic break during the transition from the ordinary vocal register to the falsetto register.
-In Western falsetto singing, the singer tries to make the transition between registers as smooth as possible. In Hawaiian-style falsetto, the singer emphasizes the break between registers. Sometimes the singer exaggerates the break through repetition, as a [[Yodeling|yodel]]. As with other aspects of Hawaiian music, falsetto developed from a combination of sources, including pre-European Hawaiian chanting, early Christian hymn singing and the songs and yodeling of immigrant cowboys during the Kamehameha Reign in the 1800s when cowboys were brought from Mexico to teach Hawaiians how to care for cattle. Falsetto may have been a natural and comfortable vocal technique for early Hawaiians, since a similar break between registers called "''ha'iha'i''", is used as an ornament in some traditional chanting styles.{{Fact|date=December 2007}}
-There is a difference between the modern usage of the "head voice" term and its previous meaning in the renaissance as a type of falsetto, according to many singing professionals. The falsetto can be coloured or changed to sound different. It can be given classical styling to sound as male classical [[countertenor]]s make it sound, or more contemporary as is the case in modern R&B music(<ref name="jtone">Justin Timberlake: 'FutureSex/LoveSounds' by Christy Lemire - Associated Press - Sept. 11, 2006 - ''Timberlake's falsetto layering on top of one other as the songs build to their crescendos.'' [http://www.azcentral.com/ent/music/articles/0911timberlakerev.html link]</ref>[[Frankie J]] for example). It can be made in different tonalities as is often the case of its use in progressive rock (for example, [[Roger Meddows-Taylor]], [[Matt Bellamy]] of the band [[Muse (band)|Muse]]), heavy metal (for example, [[King Diamond]] of [[Mercyful Fate]]), and especially [[power metal]] (for example, [[Michael Kiske]] of [[Helloween]]). [[Chris Martin]] of the [[Alternative rock|alternative]] band [[Coldplay]], also uses falsetto. . . .-->
 == Vide etiam ==
-* [[Cantores qui voce falsa favent]]
+* [[Cantores voculae falsae fautores]]
-* [[Vox crepans]]
+* [[Vox]]
-* [[Vox humana]]
+* [[Iodelatio]]
-* [[Yodelatio]]
 == Nexus externi ==
 * [http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/textf/Falsetto.html Glossary definition of falsetto] at Virginia Tech's Web site
-[[Categoria:Phonatio]]
-[[Categoria:Cantatio]]
 [[Categoria:Genera vocis]]
-[[Categoria:Vox humana]]
+[[Categoria:Vox]]
 [[Categoria:Musica]]