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Quarcum lepidum

E Vicipaedia
(Redirectum de Quarcum lepor)
Quarca
SignumNomenOnusMassa
Lat.Ang.
Primum genus
dinferumdown −1/3~ 5 MeV/c²
usuperumup +2/3~ 3 MeV/c²
Secundum genus
smirumstrange −1/395 ± 25 MeV/c²
clepidumcharm +2/31,8 GeV/c²
Tertium genus
bimumbottom −1/34,5 GeV/c²
tsummumtop +2/3171 GeV/c²
Murray Gell-Mann
Georgius Zweig.

Quarcum lepidum,[1] vel quarcum c,[2] omnium quarcorum est tertium e maxime massvo, quasi particula elementaris, et magna materiei pars. Quarca lepida in hadrona appellatis inveniuntur, quae particulae subatomicae in quarcis consistentes sunt. Inter hadrona quae quarca mira continent sunt meson J/ψ, mesona D, baryona mirifica sigma, aliaeque particulae mirae.

Quarcum lepidum, cum quarco miro, est pars secundae materiei aetatis, atque onus electricum +2/3 e? et massam nudam 95+9
−3 MeV/c2.? habet.[3] Quarcum lepidum, sicut omnia quarca, est fermion elementare cui est versus 1/2,? et quod omnes quattuor vires fundamentales[4] patitur, quae sunt gravitatio, electromagnetismus, vires debiles, et vires fortes. Antiparticula quarci lepidi est antiquarcum lepidum,[5] quod ab eo differt solum quod nonnullae ex eius proprietatibus, sicut onus electricum, magnitudinem aequam sed signum oppositum exhibent.

Exsistentia quarci quarti a nonnullis auctoribus circa 1964 excogitabatur, exempli gratia a Iacobo Bjorken et Sheldon Lee Glashow[6]), sed a Sheldon Lee Glashow, Ioanne Iliopoulos, et Luciano Maiani anno 1970 certe praedicta est.[7] Glashow ipse sic dixit: "Nostrum constructum 'quarcum mirum' nominabamus, nam a symmetria quam in mundum subnuclearem ferebat fascinabamur et oblectabamur."[8][9] Prima particula fascinata (particula quarcum lepidum continens) nota erat meson J/ψ, quam anno 1974 manus investigatorum invenerunt apud Sedem Acceleratoris Linearis Stanfordiensem in California, Burtono Richter duce,[10] atque adeo apud Laboratorium Nationale Brookhavenense in Novo Eboraco, Samuele Ting duce.[11]

J/Psi particula subatomica anno 1974 inventum (et ergo quarcum lepidum inventum) multas coepit res gestas magni momenti, quae Res Novae Novembres una appellantur.

Hadrona quae quarca lepida continent

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Nonnulla hadrona quarca lepida continent.

Nexus interni

Notae

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  1. ↑ Haec appellatio a Vicipaediano e lingua indigena in sermonem Latinum conversa est (Anglice: quark charm). Extra Vicipaediam huius locutionis testificatio vix inveniri potest.
  2. ↑ Signum c, Anglicum charm significans.
  3. ↑ Tanabashi et al. 2018.
  4. ↑ Etiam interactiones fundamentales appellatae.
  5. ↑ Aliquando quarcum antilepidum et antilepidum tantum appellatum.
  6. ↑ B. J. Bjorken, S. L. Glashow; Glashow (1964). "Elementary particles and SU(4)". Physics Letters 11 (3): 255–57
  7. ↑ S. L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos, L. Maiani; Iliopoulos; Maiani (1970). "Weak Interactions with Lepton–Hadron Symmetry". Physical Review D 2 (7): 1285–92
  8. ↑ Anglice "We called our construct the 'charmed quark', for we were fascinated and pleased by the symmetry it brought to the subnuclear world."
  9. ↑ M. Riordan (1987). The Hunting of the Quark: A True Story of Modern Physics. Simon & Schuster. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-671-50466-3
  10. ↑ J.-E. Augustin (1974). "Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e+e− Annihilation". Physical Review Letters 33 (23): 1406
  11. ↑ J. J. Aubert (1974). "Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J". Physical Review Letters 33 (23): 1404

Bibliographia

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  • Ali, A., et G. Kramer. 2011. "JETS and QCD: A historical review of the discovery of the quark and gluon jets and its impact on QCD." European Physical Journal H 36 (2): 245. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2011-10047-1. Bibcode 2011EPJH...36..245A. Arxiv 1012.2288. S2cid 54062126.
  • Gell-Mann, Murray. (1964) 2000. "The Eightfold Way: A theory of strong interaction symmetry." In The Eightfold Way, ed. Murray Gell-Mann et Yuval Ne'eman. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-7382-0299-0. Primum impressus 1961: "The Eightfold Way: A theory of strong interaction symmetry". Synchrotron Laboratory Report CTSL-20. California Institute of Technology.
  • Johnson, G. 2000. Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in Twentieth-Century Physics. Novi Eboraci: Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-43764-2. Google Books.
  • Nave, R. "Quarks." In HyperPhysics. Department of Physics and stronomy, Georgia State University. Editio interretialis.
  • Nishijima, Kazuhiko. 1955. "Charge Independence Theory of V Particles." Progress of Theoretical Physics 13 (3): 285. doi:10.1143/PTP.13.285. Bibcode 1955PThPh..13..285N.
  • Pickering, A. 1984. Constructing Quarks. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-66799-7.
  • Tanabashi, M., et al. (Particle Data Group). 2018. "Review of Particle Physics." Physical Review D 98 (3): 1–708. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.030001. Bibcode 2018PhRvD..98c0001T. PMID 10020536. Editio interretialis.
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