Parapsychologia

E Vicipaedia
Gulielmus James (1842–1910) fuit psychologus et philosophus Americanus.[1]
Primae investigationes parapsychologicae chartas Zeneranas experimentis ad probandam exsistentiam communicationis telepathicae designatis adhibuerunt.
Participes experimenti totius campi, via investigationis quae secundum suasores parapsychologiae indicia telepathiae exhibet.
Fabricatae manium imagines populo gratissimae saeculo undevicensimo erant.
Iacobus Randi, magus scaenicus et scepticus scientificus, monstravit dolos magicos nonnullas res psychicas animo conceptas stimulare vel imitari posse.

Parapsychologia (ex vocibus Graecis para 'ad, prope, propter, iuxta' + psychologia), etiam res psi vel adeo phaenomenon psi, est disciplina academica ad psychologiam cognata, a Maximo Dessoir, philosopho, psychologus et theorista aestheticae Germanico circa 1889 nominatum. Nomen a J. B. Rhine in loco nominis investigationis psychicae decennio 194 ascitum est.[2] Parapsychologi variis rebus ut videntur paranormalibus student, inter quas telepathia, praecognitio, clairvoyance, psychokinesis, experientiae prope mortem, proiectura astralis, reincarnatio, et experientiae apparitionales.

Investigatio parapsychologiae in circa triginta civitates geritur, praecipue in laboratorio et campo per institutiones privatas et universitates.[3] Unitates privatim pecunia sustentae in partibus psychologiae in universitatibus in Britanniarum Regno hodie sunt inter unitates industriissimas.[4] In Civitatibus Foederatis, exspectatio investigationis maxime populo decennio 198 grata est, et investigatio in universitatibus condita tum decrevit, quamquam institutiones privatae pecunia ex donis iam accipiunt.[5] Cum investigationes parapsychologicae in normativis periodicis academicis aliquando apparerent, plurimum investigationum recentium in paucis periodicis aedicularibus profertur.[6] Inter periodica academica quae parapsychologiam tractant sunt Journal of Parapsychology, Journal of Near-Death Studies, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, et Journal of Scientific Exploration.

Critici arguunt menda methodologica manifestas res prosperas explanare posse,[7] unde scientificus parapsychologiae status strenue disputatus est.[8] Multi scientistae hanc habent disciplinam scientiam falsam, dicentes parapsychologos perseverare etiamsi ei certissima facultatum psychicarum indicia plus quam centum annos indagationis non iam demonstraverunt.[9][10][11]

Nexus interni

Notae[recensere | fontem recensere]

  1. Arthur S. Berger et Joyce Berger, The Encyclopedia of Parapsychology and Psychical Research (Paragon House Publishers, 1991). ISBN 1557780439.
  2. Melton, J. G. (1996). Parapsychology. In Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology. Thomson Gale. ISBN 9780810394872 .
  3. "Koestler Parapsychology Unit". University of Edinburgh .
  4. Lucy Odling-Smee, "The lab that asked the wrong questions," Nature, 446(7131):10–11 (1 Martii 2007), PMID 17330012, doi:10.1038/446010a, Textus. bibcode: 2007Natur.446...10O.
  5. "The status of paranormal research in the United States is now at an all-time low, after a relative surge of interest in the 1970s. Money continues to pour from philanthropic sources to private institutions, but any chance of credibility depends on ties with universities, and only a trickle of research now persists in university labs" (Odling-Smee 2007).
  6. "But parapsychologists are still limited to publishing in a small number of niche journals" (Odling-Smee 2007).
  7. Hyman, R.. "Parapsychological research: A tutorial review and critical appraisal" .
  8. Flew, Antony (1982). "Parapsychology: Science or Pseudoscience?". In Grim, Patrick. Philosophy of Science and the Occult .
  9. Cordón, Luis A. (2005). Popular psychology: an encyclopedia. Westport Connecticutae: Greenwood Press. p. 182. ISBN 0313324573 
  10. Bunge, Mario (1991). "A skeptic's beliefs and disbeliefs". New Ideas in Psychology 9 (2): 131–149 .
  11. Blitz, David (1991). "The line of demarcation between science and nonscience: The case of psychoanalysis and parapsychology". New Ideas in Psychology 9 (2): 163–170 .

Bibliographia[recensere | fontem recensere]

Nexus externi[recensere | fontem recensere]