Hypothalamus

Collocatio hypothalami

Hypothalamus (a Graeco ὑποθαλαμος 'infra thalamum') sive hypothalamium est glandula corporis hominis animaliumque mammalium, pars diencephali cerebri quae nonnullos parvos nucleos effectus varios habentes continet. Una ex functionibus principalibus est systema nervosum cum systemate endocrine coniungere per glandulam pituitariam (hypophysin).

Hypothalamus neurohormonta effundit, qui alacritatem glandulae pituitariae et ergo inspiciunt

• calorem corporis (febris)
• famem
• sitim
• stimuli sexus
• cyclum diei et noctis.

Structura hypothalami

Nuclei hypothalami. Caerulee: grex rostralis.

Hypothalamus in plures areae dividitur.

Area rostralis

Commentatio principalis: Area hypothalami rostralis

Hac area atribuuntur nucleus praeopticus periventricularis et nucleus supraopticus (SON) et nucleus suprachiasmaticus (SCN).

Area intermedia

Commentatio principalis: Area hypothalami intermedia

Hac area atribuuntur nuclei sequentes: nucleus dorsalis, nucleus dorsomedialis, nucleus arcuatus (sive nc. infundibularis), nucleus periventricularis, nucleus periventricularis posterior, area retrochiasmatica, nuclei tuberales laterales, nucleus ventromedialis.

Area lateralis

Commentatio principalis: Area hypothalami lateralis

Hac area atribuuntur nuclei tuberales laterales.

Area posterior

Commentatio principalis: Area hypothalami posterior

Hac area atribuuntur nucleus posterior, nucleus tuberomammillaris.

Nexus interni

• Cyclus menstrualis

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