Instrumentum musicum

Instrumenta musica sunt apparatus quibus soni musici fieri possunt. Instrumenta in categorias varie disponuntur, sed systema saepissime adhibita a praeceptoribus peritis in quinque categoriis consistit:

1. Idiophona, instrumenta quae pulsantur vel fricantur
2. Membranophon, instrumenta quorum membranum pulsantur vel fricatur
3. Chordophona, instrumenta quae nervis intenduntur
4. Aerophona, instrumenta inflata
5. Electrophona, instrumenta electronica

Pulsata

Antiquitus

• crotalum
• cymbalum
• sistrum
• tympanum
• tympanum rimae

Serius

• tinya
• scrateius

Hodie

• crepundia
• cithara Iudaica
• marimba

Intensa

Instrumenta polychorda, seu intensa, Novae Aetatis,^? ex Athenasii Kircheri Musurgia Universalis

Antiquitus

• lyra
  • cithara
  • barbitum aut barbĭtŏs
  • phorminx
  • cinyra (lyra levantina)
• sambuca
• pandura
• harpa
  • psalterium
  • nablium

Serius

• lautus (pandurus arabicus)
• testudo
• testudo Arabica
• tiorba
• viola
• tsarangum

Hodie

• ampla violina
• arcus musicus
• buzucium
• cithara Havaiana
• cithara Hispanica
• cithara electrica
• citharella
• cobyzum
• comuzum
• contrabassum seu bassus duplex
• ectara
• Esraja
• micronium
• pandurium
• quattuor
• tambūra
• violina, seu "fidicula" seu "fidla"

Inflata

Instrumenta inflata, seu pneumatica, Novae Aetatis,^? ex Athanasii Kircheri Musurgia Universalis

Antiquitus

• ascόs
• avena
• cornu
• ocarina
• salpinx
• tibia
• utriculus

Serius

• cornumusa
• sclareia
• quena
• zampogna

Hodie

• cornu
• dulzaina
• euphonium
• fagottus
• fistula
• gaita Zuliana
• gaita Gallaica
• gaita utricularis Rivogiana
• salpinx valvata
• saxophonum
• sousaphonum
• sybyzgy
• tibia utricularis
• tuba
• tuba ductilis
• tzopoztoor

Pinnigera ^?

Antiquitus

• organum
• organum hydraulicum seu hydraulis
• organum pneumaticum

Serius

• clavichordum
  • clavicymbalum
  • virginale
  • spineta

Hodie

• clavichordum
  • clavile
    • clavile jazz

Vide etiam

• Musica
• Orchestra

Fontes

• Brown, Howard Mayer. 2008. "Sachs, Curt." Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/24256 (inventum 5 Iunii 2008).
• Kartomi, Margaret J. 1990. On Concepts and Classifications of Musical Instruments. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-42548-7.
• Marcuse, Sibyl. 1975. A Survey of Musical Instruments. Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-012776-7.
• Remnant, Mary. 1989. Musical Instruments: An Illustrated History from Antiquity to the Present. Batsford: Anova Books. ISBN 0-7134-5169-6.
• Sachs, Curt. 1940. The History of Musical Instruments. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton.