Index lepidopterorum Indiae (Pieridae)

Hic commentarius est index papilionum familiae Pieridarum in India endemicorum. Is est pars pleni indicis lepidopterorum Indiae.

Familia Pieridae sunt papiliones parvi vel magnitudinis mediocris. Nomina Anglica ad duos colores praecipuos in alis, cum signis nigris, spectat.

Ex speciebus 1051 quae per orbem terrarum inveniuntur, 81 species in 21 generibus in India habitant.

Delias eucharis est Pierida vivide colorata, in Asia Australi inventa.

Distinctae familiae proprietates

• Margines alarum usitate constantes; alae posteriores numquam caudatae.
• Crura anteriora in ambobus sexibus evoluta.
• Alae posteriores in abdomine canalizatae ut in abdomine aptent.

Classificatio

Familiae Pieridis sunt quattuor subfamiliae, quarum Pierinae et Coliadinae in India inveniuntur.

• Pierinae (Anglice whites)
• Coliadinae (Anglice yellows)
• Dismorphiinae (sex genera papilionum neotropica et unum genus, Leptidea, in regione Palearctica, sed in India non inventa)
• Pseudopontiinae (una species, in Africa Occidentali tropica)

Subfamilia Pierinae (Anglice whites)

Genus Aporia (Anglice blackveins)

• Aporia peloria Hewitson, 1853
• Aporia leucodice (Eversman, 1843)
• Aporia nabellica (Boisduval, 1836)
• Aporia harrietae (de Nicéville, 1892)
• Aporia agathon (Gray, 1832)

Genus Baltia (Anglice dwarfs)

• Baltia shawi (Bates, 1873)
• Baltia butleri Alphéraky, 1889

Genus Pieris (Anglice whites)

• Pieris chumbiensis de Nicéville, 1897
• Pieris kreuperi devta (de Nicéville, 1884)
• Pieris napi Linnaeus, 1767
• Pieris naganum Moore, 1884
• Pieris deota (de Nicéville, 1884)
• Pieris brassicae Linnaeus, 1758
• Pieris canidia Linnaeus, 1768
• Pieris rapae Linnaeus, 1758

Genus Pontia (Anglice bath whites)

• Pontia chloridice Hübner, 1803/18
• Pontia callidis kalora (Moore, 1865)
• Pontia daplidice Carolus Linnaeus, 1758

Genus Anaphaeis (Anglice pioneers)

• Pioneer (Caper White), Anaphaeis aurota Fabricius, 1793

Genus Cepora (Anglice gulls)

• Cepora nerissa Fabricius, 1775
• Cepora nadina Lucas, 1852

Genus Ixias (Anglice Indian orange tips)

• Ixias marianne Cramer, 1779
• Ixias pyrene Linnaeus, 1764

Genus Delias (Anglice jezebels)

• Delias agostina Hewitson, 1852
• Delias eucharis Drury, 1773
• Delias hyparete Linnaeus, 1758
• Delias belladonna Fabricius, 1793
• Delias sanaca (Moore,1857)
• Delias berinda (Moore,1872)
• Delias descombesi Boisduval, 1836
• Delias pasithoe Linnaeus, (?)
• Delias acalis Godart, 1819

Genus Prioneris (Anglice sawtooths)

• Prioneris thestylis Doubleday, 1842
• Prioneris sita C. Felder, 1865
• Prioneris clemanthe Doubleday, 1846

Genus Appias (Anglice puffins, albatrosses)

• Appias lalage (Doubleday, 1842)
• Appias indra Moore, 1857
• Appias libythea Fabricius, 1775
• Appias olferna Fabricius, 1775
• Appias lyncida Cramer, 1777
• Appias albina Felder
• Appias wardii (Moore, 1884)
• Appias nero galba (Wallace, 1867)
• Appias panda chrysea Fruhstorfer, 1903

Genus Leptosia (Anglice psyche)

• Leptosia nina Fabricius, 1793

Genus Euchloe (Anglice little whites)

• Euchloe charlonia lucilla Butler, 1886
• Euchloe ausonia dephalis Hübner 1803

Genus Hebomoia (Anglice great orange tips)

• Hebomoia glaucippe Linnaeus, 1758

Genus Colotis (Anglice arabs)

• Colotis amata Fabricius, 1775
• Colotis phisadia (Godart, 1819)
• Colotis vestalis (Butler, 1876)
• Colotis fausta (Olivier, 1804)
• Colotis etrida Boisduval, 1836
• Colotis eucharis Fabricius, 1775
• Colotis danae (Fabricius, 1775)

Genus Pareronia (Anglice wanderers)

• Pareronia avatar (Moore, 1858)
• Pareronia ceylanica (C. & R. Felder, 1865)
• Pareronia valeria (Cramer, 1776)

Subfamilia Coliadinae (Anglice yellows)

Genus Catopsilia (Anglice emigrants)

• Catopsilia pomona Fabricius, 1775
• Catopsilia pyranthe Latreille, 1758

Genus Gonepteryx (Anglice brimstones)

• Gonepteryx rhamni Latreille, 1758
• Gonepteryx mahaguru Ménétriés, 1859

Genus Dercas (Anglice sulphurs)

• Dercas verhuelli (Hoeven, 1839)
• Dercas lycorias (DoubleDay, 1842)

Genus Eurema (Anglice grass yellows)

• Eurema andersonii Moore
• Eurema blanda Boisduval, 1836
• Eurema brigitta Cramer, 1780
• Eurema hecabe Linnaeus, 1758
• Eurema lacteola Distant, 1886
• Eurema laeta Boisduval, 1836
• Eurema nilgiriensis

Genus Gandaca (Anglice tree yellows)

• Gandaca harina (Horsfield, 1829)

Genus Colias (Anglice clouded yellows)

• Colias berylla Fawcett, 1904
• Colias croceus Geoffroy, 1785
• Colias dubia Elwes, 1906
• Colias eogene C. Felder, 1865
• Colias hyale Linnaeus, 1758
• Colias ladakensis C. Felder, 1865
• Colias nilgiriensis*Colias nina Fawcett, 1904
• Colias stoliczkana Moore
• Colias thrasibulus Fabricius, 1910

Vita

• Ovum. Ova sunt longa, ampulliformia, per latera costata, plerumque alba, sed ad ultimum ad flavum vel aurantium, vel maculis rubris praedita.
• Larva. Larvae sunt cylindricae et lenes, plerumque tuberculis setosis tectae, plerumque virides, pallescentibus lineis in longitudinem praeditae.
• Chrysalis. Chrysalis est angularis, capite acuto, in longo naso aliquando producto.

Victus

Plantae quibus vescuntur multo inter se variant; est autem principium generale: Pierinae plerumque Capparidaceis, flavi plerumque Leguminosis vescuntur.

Bibliographia

• Evans, W. H. 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies. Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society.
• Gaonkar, Harish. 1996. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.
• Gay, Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. 1992. Common Butterflies of India. Mumbai: WWF-India et Oxford University Press.
• Haribal, Meena. 1994. Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and their Natural History.
• Kunte, Krushnamegh. 2005. Butterflies of Peninsular India. Universities Press.
• Wynter-Blyth, M.A. 1957. Butterflies of the Indian Region. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society.

Nexus externi

• Idaho Museum of Natural History, imnh.isu.edu
• "Indian Butterflies - Pieridae", nerdybirders.com
• LepIndex, NHM, London, nhm.ac.uk
• "A modern classification of the Pieridae", science.oregonstate.edu (Butterfly Net International)