Disputatio:Basipila

Lusores

acceptor - catcher; dator - pitcher; clavator - batter. ¶ Traupvir (in editione secunda libri sui) etiam dicit esse stationes neque bases. Sinister Petrus 03:00, 12 Iunii 2007 (UTC)

TECHNICI BASIPILAE TERMINI

I've here compiled a list of terms commonly used in reference to baseball, with some suggested Latinizations. Nearly every sport has a similar list; should Vicipaedia have a set of articles for them (with its own category)? Alternatively or additionally, each of these terms could have its own article. Translating by the use of calques is often unwise, but slangy idioms might lend themselves to that practice.

ORGANIZATIONS, SCHEDULES, CUSTOMS, AND HISTORICAL & MISCELLANEOUS TERMS

ALCS [= American League Championship Series] (n)

American League (n) Foedus Americanum

away team, the (n) manus (-us) visitans

Bambino, the [= Babe Ruth] (n) Bambinus, -i

ballgame (n) pilae lusus; pilaris lusio [Statius]

baseball [= the sport] (n) basipila, -ae; ludus basipilae [Traupman 2003]

baseball game [= a playing of the sport] (n) lusus (basipilae); basipilae lusus [Traupman 2003]; basipilae certamen [Traupman 2003]

Black Sox scandal (n) offensa Tibialium Atrorum

champion (n) victor, -oris

Cy Young Award (n) Praemium Youngianum. [Cf. Praemium Nobelianum]

dead-ball era (n)

doubleheader (n)

division (of a league) (n)

fan (n) fautor, -oris; fanaticus, -i

farm system (n)

first pitch [= a ceremonial pitch, usually by a famous personage] (n) primarius iactus

Gold Glove Award (n) Praemium Manicae Aureae

Green Monster (in Fenway Park), the (n) Monstrum Viride

Hall of Fame (at Cooperstown, New York) (n) Atrium Celebritatis

home, at (n) domi (locative)

home team (n) manus (-us) hospitans

Little League (n) Foedus Parvulum

major league (n) foedus maius

minor league (n) foedus minus

MLB Most Valuable Player Award (n)

MLB Rookie of the Year Award (n)

MVP [most valuable player] (n)

National League (n) Foedus Nationale

Negro leagues [= a historical term] (n)

NLCS [National League Championship Series] (n)

pennant [= league-champion icon] (n)

play ball (phrase) pila ludo [Cicero]

play baseball (phrase) basipila ludo [Traupman 2003]

playoff (n)

playoff, division (n)

postseason (adj)

postseason (n)

season (n) annus, -i

seventh-inning stretch (n)

Society for American Baseball Research [SABR] (n)

softball [= a baseball variant with nearly identical rules but using a larger, softer ball] (n)

spring training (n)

streak (esp. hitting ~ losing ~ winning) (n) linea, -ae

"Take Me Out to the Ball Game" [= carmen fautoribus dilectissimum] (n)

visiting team (n) manus visitans

wild card (slot ~ team) (n)

World Series (n) Series Mundana. N.B.: it was originally "World's Series" (Series Mundi?).

wave, the [commonly performed by fans in stadiums; not particular to baseball] (n) unda, -ae

FIELD, PLACES, POSITIONS, RULES

ballpark (n) stadium, -i

base (n) statio [Traupman]

base, first (n) prima statio [statio prima, Traupman]. The noun is often understood; hence, prima, -ae (n). E.g.: Primam errore iactatoris attigit 'He reached first on the pitcher's error'.

base, second (n) secunda statio [statio secunda, Traupman]; secunda, -ae

base, third (n) tertia statio [statio tertia, Traupman]; tertia, -ae

batter's box (n)

board, be on the [= having scored at least one run] (phrase)

bleachers

bullpen (n) iaculatores vicarii

diamond (n) adamas, adamantis, m.

dish, the [= home plate] (n) apex, -icis. [Apex is to summa as 'dish' is to 'plate']

dugout (n)

error (n) error, -oris

fair territory (n)

field, center (n) campus medius

field, left (n) campus sinister

field, right (n) campus dexter

foul line (n)

ground-rule double (n)

home plate (n) summa statio [Levine; statio summa, Traupman]. The noun is often understood; hence, summa, -ae (n)

infield (n)

infield-fly rule (n)

inning (n)

inning, bottom of the [home team batting] (n)

inning, top of the [guest team batting] (n)

layoff (n)

line, left-field (n)

line, right-field (n)

line judge (n)

lineup (n) ordo clavatorum

no-man's land (n) neminis terra

on-deck circle (n)

order, bottom of the (batting) (n)

order, top of the (batting) (n)

outfield (n) campus exterior

pinch-hit (v)

plate, the [= home plate] (n)

record [common to many sports] (n) extremum, -i

A tricky one. The Russian-Latin dictionary gives "cumulus," but maybe "extremum" is better. Lesgles (disputatio) 18:27, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

run (n) cursus, -ūs

score (n) ratio, -onis

score (a run) [by a runner] (v) tesseram facio; rationem (?) facio

score (a game) [by a statistician] (v) lusum annumero; lusum noto

scoreboard (n)

stadium (n) stadium, -i

stands, grandstand consessu caveae, -arum [Vergil]

sweep (n)

sweep (v)

team (n) manipulus, -i

tie (n)

tie (v)

warmup (n)

warm up (v. intr.) calefio, -fieri, -factus sum. Perhaps also: calesco, -ere (no perf., no supine); calefacto, -are (no perf., no supine)

PERSONNEL

baseman, first (n) custos primae (stationis)

baseman, second (n) custos secundae (stationis)

baseman, third (n) custos tertiae (stationis)

batter (n) clavator, -oris [Traupman]; battutor, -oris [Eichenseer]

captain (n) dux, ducis

catcher (n) captator, -oris [Ainsworth]; acceptor, -oris [Traupman; but better saved for 'receiver' in American football?]

coach (n) rector, -oris; moderator, -oris; gubernator, -oris; magister, -tri

coach, batting (n)

coach, pitching (n)

designated hitter (n)

fielder, center (n)

fielder, left (n)

fielder, right (n)

manager (n) administrator, -oris; dispensator, -oris; curator, -oris

official scorer (n)

outfielder (n) defensor campi

pinch hitter (n)

pinch runner (n)

pitcher (n) iactator, -oris; iaculator, -oris [Helf.]; dator, -oris [Traupman]; missor [Cicero]

pitcher, relief (n) iactator auxiliaris

pitcher, setup (n)

pitcher, starting (n) iactator primarius

reliever (n) auxiliator, -oris

rookie (n) tiro, -onis

rotation (of pitchers) (n) ordo iaculatorum

scout (n) speculator, -oris

shortstop (n)

start (by a pitcher) (n)

umpire (n) arbiter, -tri

utility infielder (n)

ACCOUTERMENTS

apple [= baseball] (n) malum, -i

ball (n) pila, -ae

baseball (n) basipila, -ae [Traupman 2003]

bat (n) baculum, -i, & baculus, -i [Ainsworth]; baculus, -i [LRL]; clava lusoria [Traupman 1997]; fustis, -is [Eichenseer]

(batting) cage (n) claustrum, -i

bill (of a cap) (n) rostrum, -i

cap (n) pileum, -i; pileus, -i; petasus, -i

cleats (n)

facemask (catcher's) (n)

glove (fielder's) (n) manica, -ae

mitt (catcher's) (n) manica captatoris

seam (of a baseball) (n) sutura, -ae (pilae)

shinguard (n)

uniform (n) ornatus, -ūs (lusorius)

PITCHING (IACTATIO) & CATCHING (CAPTATIO)

balk (n) iactus falsus

ball [=pitch outside the strike zone] (n)

battery [= iactator + captator] (n)

beanball (n)

bloop curve [=eephus] (n) stillans curva

breaking ball (n) flectens, -entis (pila)

Bugs Bunny curve [=eephus] (n)

catch (v) prehendo, -ere, -di, -sum; capio?

changeup (n) mutans, -antis (pila)

closer [= qui claudit] (n) claudans, -antis

curveball (n) curvans, -antis (pila)

cutter (n) secans, -antis (pila)

cut fastball (n) citapila secta

dead fish [= Dave Stieb's variant of the eephus] (n) piscis mortuus

eephus (pitch) (n) iphus, iphūs, m.

fan [= strike (someone) out] (v. trans.) ventilo, -are, -avi, -atum

fan [= strike out] (v. intrans.) ventilor, -ari, -atus sum

fastball (n) citapila, -ae

folly floater [= Steve Hamilton's variant of the eephus] (n)

forkball (n)

Fossum flip [= Casey Fossum's variant of the eephus] (n)

full count [= 3 balls, 2 strikes] (n)

gyroball

heat [= fastball] (n) calor, -oris

hesitation hummer [= Steve Hamilton's variant of the eephus] (n)

intentional walk (n) ambulatio meditata

knuckleball (n)

leephus [= Bill Lee's variant of the eephus] (n) liphus, liphūs, m. (a portmanteau)

mask (catcher's) (n)

mound (pitcher's) (n)

no-hitter (n)

perfect game (n) lusus perfectus

passed ball (n)

pitch (n) iactus, -ūs

pitch (v) iacio, -ere, ieci, iactum

rubber (pitcher's) (n)

save (n) conservatio, -onis

screwball (n) cochlea, -ae

shutout (n)

shuuto [Japanese, from shootball; a pitch resembling a screwball but with less break; often mentioned in the movie Mr. Baseball] (n) proiiciens, -ientis

sidearm-style (adj, adv)

sinker (n) sidens, -entis (pila)

slider (n) labens, -entis (pila)

spaceball [= Bill Lee's variant of the eephus] (n)

spitball (n) spuens, -entis (pila)

splitter (n) findens, -entis (pila)

strike [= pitch inside the strike zone not hit] (n) amittes, -is (f)

strike out (v) dimitto, -ere, dimisi, dimissus (to be struck out: dimittor, dimitto, dimissus, -)

strikeout (n) dimissio

two-seam fastball (n)

submarine-style (adj, adv)

walk (v) ambulo, -are, -avi, -atum

wild pitch (n) iactus perversus

windup (n)

HITTING, RUNNING, FIELDING

at-bat (n)

baserunner (n) cursor, -oris

batter (n) ictor, -oris

batting practice (n)

blooper (n) stillans, -antis (pila)

bunt (n)

bunt (v)

catch (v) Cf. mea pila est 'I've caught the ball' [idiom, Ainsworth]

choke (up on a bat) (v)

chopper (n) concidens, -entis (pila)

deck, be on (v) icere opportum

double (n) duplum, -i

double (v) duplico, -are, -avi, -atum

double play (n) dimissio duplex; actio duplex

extra-base hit (n)

fair ball (n) pila legitima, ictus legitimus

fielder's choice (n)

fly (ball) (n) volans, -antis (pila)

fly (v. trans.) volo, -are, -avi, -atus

fly out (n) dimissio volans

force (out) (n) dimissio trudens

foul (v)

foul ball (n) pila illicita, ictus illicitus

foul tip (n)

grand slam (n) ictus maximus

groundout (n) dimissio ejicens

ground out (v)

hit (v) ico, icere, ici, ictum

hit ~ base hit (n) ictus, -ūs

hit-and-run (play) (n)

hit by a pitch (phrase) iactu ictus

hit for the cycle (phrase) circulo ico

hole, in the [= next to go to the on-deck circle] (phrase)

home run (n) cursus domum

homer [= home run] (n)

homer [= hit a home run] (v)

hung up, get (v. intr.)

hung up, get (a runner) (v. tr.)

interference (n)

lead (off a base) (n)

lead-off (scil., batter) (adj)

line drive (n)

load (the bases) (v)

loaded, be (of the bases) (v)

out (n) dimissio, -onis (f)

pickoff (n)

pick off (v)

pop-up (n) poppysmus, -i, m.

pop up (v)

rotation play (n)

runner (n) cursor, -oris

sacrifice (n) sacrificum, -i

sacrifice (v. intransitive) sacrificor, -ari, -atus sum. (Or se sacrifico, -are, -avi, atus?)

sacrifice bunt (n)

sacrifice fly (n) sacrificio volans, -antis

scoring position (n)

single (n) singularis, -is

slide (into a base) (v) (in stationem) labor, labi, lapsus sum. E.g.: Praeceps in tertiam lapsus est 'He slid headfirst into third'.

squeeze play (n) compressio; compressionis actio

steal (v) furor, furari, furatus sum (dep.)

stolen base (n) statio furtiva

streak, hitting (n)

strike zone (n) zona ictus

swing (at a pitch) (v)

tag (n) tactus, -ūs, m.

tag (out) (v) tango, -ere, tegi, tactus

throw (someone) out (v) dimissio (aliquem) adiicio

triple (n) triplum, -i

triple (v) triplico, -are, -avi, -atum

triple play (n) dimissio triplex; actio triplex

two-hopper (n) bis saliens, -ientis

walk (v. intr.) ambulo, -are, -avi, -atum

STATISTICS (MUCH BELOVED OF TRUE FANS; CRICKET MUST HAVE A SIMILAR SET)

average, batting [an ancient statistic] (n) ictui medius

box score (n) ratio quadrata

dERA [= defense-independent ERA] (n)

DICE [= defense-independent-component ERA] (n)

ERA [= earned-run average, by a pitcher] (n)

HR/9 [= homeruns allowed per nine innings pitched] (n)

K [= strikeout] (n) ka (indecl.)

K/BB [= strikeouts per walk] (n)

K/9IP [= strikeouts per nine innings pitched] (n)

on-base percentage (n)

OOPS [= opponent on-base plus slugging, by a pitcher] (n)

OPS [= on-base + slugging percent, by a hitter] (n)

Pythagenpat formula [= (r + ra)/g)^0.287]

Pythagenport formula [= (1.5 log((r + ra)/g) + 0.45)] (n)

Pythagorean expectation [= a statistic invented by Bill James] (n)

RBI [= run(s) batted in; an ancient statistic] (n)

runs allowed (n)

runs created [= a statistic invented by Bill James] (n)

sabermetrics [< SABR] (n) sabermetra, -orum

slugging percentage [= total bases divided by total at-bats] (n)

strikeouts (n)

total player rating [= a statistic invented by Pete Palmer] (n)

triple crown (winner) [= (player with) highest batting average + most RBIs + most homers] (n)

WHIP [= walks + hits allowed per inning pitched] (n)

wins [by a pitcher] (n) victoriae, -arum

Nomina

I'm fairly sure the second vowel should be short; Traupman's acute accent in "basípila" indicates not a long vowel but the stress. I just added him as a source, but now I note that he actually gives "ludus basipilae" for the sport, and basipila for the actual ball (as Iacobus noted above in his helpful and copious list). Perhaps there's a better source for plain basipila. From a Google search, "ludus pilae et basium" seems to be given in Egger's Lexicon recentis Latinitatis, but I don't have access to the actual source. Lesgles (disputatio) 19:06, 8 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

Most important terms

• Major League Baseball: Iacobus noted in a comment at Babe Ruth that this is a trademark, which maybe should not be translated, but several other Wikipedias do translate it, and event the Spanish MLB site says at the top "EL SITIO OFICIAL DE LAS GRANDES LIGAS DE BEISBOL." Lesgles (disputatio) 16:46, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

If it were to be translated, the most direct calque would probably be Basipila Foederum Maiorum (baseball of the major leagues = major-league baseball). Objective nouns are usually singular in form but plural in sense—well exemplified by the term baseball itself, which = 'ball(game) of bases', not 'ball(game) of a base'. IacobusAmor (disputatio) 16:55, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

Instant alternate syntactic examples: armchair (with arms, plural), bag boy (one who deals with bags, plural), chicken coop (for chickens, plural), day school (held on [week]days, plural), echo chamber (for echoes, plural). These things abound! IacobusAmor (disputatio) 17:08, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

In the twentieth century, the old syntax began breaking down, so we began to see trades union in place of the standard (and still correct in North America) trade union. A trade union of course is a union of trades (plural), the common folk notwithstanding. ;) IacobusAmor (disputatio) 16:59, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

All good points. Plural league would seem to be best. As for "Basipila foederum maiorum" or "Foedera maiora basipilae," I suppose you're right that the first is a better translation of the English, although Spanish and French do both use the latter construction. Lesgles (disputatio) 18:23, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

• Clavator seems fine for "batter," but lacks a corresponding verb (clavo, clavare means "to nail").

I think this is an instance where the -tor ending is not the most apt. We are looking for a word that describes a temporary state - a state that only one person out of the 18 total players can be in at a time, but also one in which all 18 players will take their turn. This seems like just the type of thing for which Latin prefers a present participle rather than a noun formed from verb root + agentive suffix. It is also important to note that a 'clavator' is not 'qui clava utitur vel fungitur' but 'qui clavat.' Modern languages tend to use agentive suffixes on a verb root meaning to 'bat' that is both formed from the English noun 'bat' and influenced by descendants of Latin 'battuere.' Latin doesn't have a noun derived from battuere, but we don't need one: battuens, the present participle, works perfectly. For that matter, they cease to be battuens once they have actually hit the ball and become runners. I am not as sure about whether we should go with 'cursor' or 'currens' as there are issues with choosing either. Aslightrain (disputatio) 10:15, 8 Ianuarii 2020 (UTC)aslightrain

• I tried to translate a few other terms at Babe Ruth, but I'm sure they can be improved, and there are many more. Lesgles (disputatio) 16:46, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

Good work! Macte! That list was begun when someone you know knew less Latin, and so it wants improvement; it may not yet incorporate all the terms in Morgan. But at the moment, we have other fish to fry (as we say over here), and the season is still in the throes of football (baseball being a summery game), so feel free to do whatever you want! IacobusAmor (disputatio) 16:55, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

Yes, I hope others won't judge me by my Latin of a few years ago either. :) I'll try adding a few that came up in Babe Ruth, but it may be a gradual process. Lesgles (disputatio) 18:23, 9 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)

Laudatio

This is literally the best page on Wikipedia, sincerely, probably the first person to ever use it for a project in Latin Class. [Scripsit 2601:244:4380:5ab0:4c11:1ced:38a2:2d9d ]

Glad you like it. Feel free to add more terms; many potential sources (such as this one) haven't yet been fully checked. Or add articles on teams, of which the most complete so far may be the one on the Tibialia Rubra Bostoniensia. ~~